Observations on onchocerciasis in the Sudan Republic: endemicity, intensity of infection and clinical features

Da, Enarson

doi:10.1080/00034983.1977.11687212

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The present study showed that there was a gradual increase in the microfilarial rate with age, similar to the findings of Enarson (1977) in Sudan and Dipeolu and Gemade (1983) in…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Endemic onchocerciasis on the Jarawa valley area of Plateau state, Nigeria.

Nwoke

Onwuliri

Shiwaku

et al. 1989

Jap. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.

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Clinical and parasitological survey on onchocerciasis was carried out in the Jarawa Valley area of Nigeria. A total of 1,821 inhabitants from six villages were examined and 908 (49.9%) were positive for microfilaria of Onchocerca volvulus. Onchocercal infection increased with age, reaching the highest level in adults over 40 years old. Pruritus was the most frequent lesion, followed by skin depigmentaion, visual impairment, nodule, hanging groin and elephantiasis. Leopard skin occurred in various parts of the body including areas not exposed to blackfly-bites. Lymphatic manifestation, hanging groin and elephantiasis, occurred mostly in old male subjects. The adult had the highest prevalence of nodules mainly in the pelvic regions. Skin biopsies taken from the iliac crest gave the highest frequency of positive skin snip.

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“…The present study showed that there was a gradual increase in the microfilarial rate with age, similar to the findings of Enarson (1977) in Sudan and Dipeolu and Gemade (1983) in…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This value is certainly low compared to nodules in other foci. In both sexes and ages, the great majority of the nodles occurred in the pelvic region followed by thoracic region and the head, similar to the results reported by Anderson et al (1974) and Enarson (1977) in other African foci.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Endemic onchocerciasis on the Jarawa valley area of Plateau state, Nigeria.

Nwoke

Onwuliri

Shiwaku

et al. 1989

Jap. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.

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Improvement in severe onchocercal skin disease after a single dose of ivermectin

Pacqué

Elmets

Dukuly

et al. 1991

The American Journal of Medicine

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Onchocerciasis in Sudan: the Abu Hamed focus

Williams

Yousif²,

Ballard

et al. 1985

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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The current status of onchocerciasis in Abu Hamed, Northern Province, Sudan, was studied. Of 208 persons attending out-patient clinics in villages in this region, 71 were microfilariae-positive on skin snips or had palpable nodules. Microfilariae and worms in nodules were identified as Onchocerca volvulus. No microfilariae were seen in peripheral blood. Most nodules and microfilariae were found in the pelvic region, but the intensity of infection was uniformly low (av. less than 3 mf/mg). Despite this, signs of onchocercal dermatitis were common and severe, especially over the buttocks. Papular eruptions and scarring often appeared to lead to black-grey hyperpigmentation, but no cases were seen of the unilateral, hyper-reactive 'sowda' described in Arabs in Yemen. No microfilariae were detected in the eyes of any of the patients who had positive outer canthus snips. Serum retinol concentrations were normal but mildly elevated concentrations of serum IgG, IgM and IgA were detected in many patients. Immunoglobulin E values in a sample of 20 microfilariae-positive patients were markedly higher than normal, with most in the 4,000 to 15,000 U/ml range. Eosinophil levels in differential counts of peripheral blood from the 208 villagers were markedly elevated. In skin snip surveys of over 400 villagers and school pupils, sample prevalence rates of 2 to 17.5% were recorded. Simulium biting was seasonal (November to May) and peaked in March. Over-all, the results indicate that O. volvulus infection persists in the Abu Hamed region as a serious cause of skin disease in the absence of other complicating filariases.

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Observations on onchocerciasis in the Sudan Republic: endemicity, intensity of infection and clinical features

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Endemic onchocerciasis on the Jarawa valley area of Plateau state, Nigeria.

Endemic onchocerciasis on the Jarawa valley area of Plateau state, Nigeria.

Improvement in severe onchocercal skin disease after a single dose of ivermectin

Onchocerciasis in Sudan: the Abu Hamed focus

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