Observations on Local Temperature Variations and Plant Response

Balchin, W. G. V.; Pye, Norman

doi:10.2307/2256450

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…As pointed out in the literature review, the minimum is less important than the maximum in cold regions at least, and recent discoveries of thermoperiodism in plants adds further confirmation to the long-standing belief of certain botanists (see also Balchin & Pye 1950) that the daily extremes of temperature should not be completely submerged as a first step in the summary of climatic data. As pointed out in the literature review, the minimum is less important than the maximum in cold regions at least, and recent discoveries of thermoperiodism in plants adds further confirmation to the long-standing belief of certain botanists (see also Balchin & Pye 1950) that the daily extremes of temperature should not be completely submerged as a first step in the summary of climatic data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…First, any method of using daily averages of maximal and minimal temperatures in evaluating temperature efficiency in metabolism is probably unsound. As pointed out in the literature review, the minimum is less important than the maximum in cold regions at least, and recent discoveries of thermoperiodism in plants adds further confirmation to the long-standing belief of certain botanists (see also Balchin & Pye 1950) that the daily extremes of temperature should not be completely submerged as a first step in the summary of climatic data. This of course is no argument against using average daily temperatures in computing evaporation stress, as Thornthwaite has done.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Climate as a Determinant of Vegetation Distribution in Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho

Daubenmire¹

1956

Ecological Monographs

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Climate as a Determinant of Vegetation Distribution in Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho

Daubenmire¹

1956

Ecological Monographs

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“…It is commonly found in clusters of multiple height stems (5 cm - 30 cm) produced by a single rosette, with hermaphroditic flowers. The flowers appear early in spring, prior to the emergence of any leaves when increasing temperatures initiate elongation of the inflorescence stems followed by flowering (Balchin and Pye, 1950). The golden-yellow flower heads contain an outer region of numerous female ray florets and inner region of 30-40 male disc florets (Pfeiffer et al, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height differences in clonal stands ofTussilago farfarapromote outcrossing by influencing pollinator behaviour

Dolezal

2020

Preprint

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7Plants with mixed mating systems balance the advantages of selfing and the costs of inbreeding. 8 Previous studies have shown that plant species with the ability to self-pollinate and cross 9 pollinate have strategies to promote outcrossing to increase genetic diversity. Various features of 10 floral morphology are thought to be deliberate mechanisms to manipulate plant mating systems. I 11 hypothesized that within-plant variation in flower stem height is a morphological trait that can 12 reduce geitonogamy by increasing pollinator movement among plants. This hypothesis was 13 tested using coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara); coltsfoot plants host several flowering stems that differ 14 in height, with each stem having a single, terminal flowerhead. I used cut flowers to create 15 'populations' of coltsfoot in which each plant had four inflorescences with equal or unequal 16 flower stalk lengths and measured frequency of insect pollinators that would stay among flowers 17 within a plant or move to other plants. All pollinators (bee flies, hover flies, solitary bees and 18 wasps) showed a marked discrimination in favor of leaving plants with flowers of different 19 heights and stayed when plants had flowers of the same height. This study shows that variation 20 in flower heights is important for reducing geitonogamy in coltsfoot and suggests that the 21 evolution of this morphological trait should be considered in studies of mating systems.22

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“…By early January, pollen meiosis is over in most flowers and the majority of the inflorescence buds are fully developed. In early spring, rising temperature initiates elongation of the inflorescence stems followed by flowering (Balchin and Pye, 1950;Bakker, 1952). By April and May the seeds are ripe and their dispersal takes place.…”

Section: General Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF TUSSILAGO FARFARA L., CHAMAFNERION ANGUSTIFOLIUM (L.) SCOP., EPILOBIUM MONTANUM L. AND FPILOBIUM ADFNOCAULON HAUSSKN.

Myerscough

Whitehead

1966

New Phytologist

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Summary The four species investigated occur in pioneer habitats but have different distributions. This study of their comparative biology is an attempt to account for these differences. The literature on the factors determining habitats and geographical distribution of each species is reviewed but this gives little or no evidence as to whether the species are causally related to, or merely associated with these factors in their ecological distribution. Experiments were therefore designed to test the causal relationship and mode of action of the factors, and this first paper describes those dealing with germination. It appeared from the literature that factors of probable importance in determining the ecological distributions of the species include mineral nutrients and light requirements. The mineral nutritional requirements of Chamaenerion angustifolium seemed to be particularly high. Tussilago farfara appeared to be the most calcicole and Chamaenerion angustifolium the most calcifuge of the species. Epilobium montanum seemed to be the most shade‐tolerant. Additional factors appeared likely to be involved at the limits of their geographical distributions; these include, along the southern limits, factors operating through the water relations of the species, and along the northern limits factors operating through the temperature relations and length of season of growth of the species. The wind‐dispersed seeds of the species are of low dry weight. Water culture experiments showed that, with regard to germination, Tussilago farfara is most successful and Chamaenerion angustifolium least successful in very low levels of mineral nutrient supply. The germination of Tussilago farfara in relation to increasing acidity is completely inhibited at a bigher pH (3.5) than it is in the other species (pH 3.0). In T. farfara germination is also restricted to the period mid‐April to mid‐June by the limited length of its seed viability and season of fruit dispersal. In the other species, though seed shedding is restricted to summer and autumn, the seed remains viable for at least a year and requires light to germinate. In Chamaenerion angustifolium this light requirement disappears as the temperature is raised to 30°C, but it remains in the two Epilobium species. At low temperatures (10°C) maximal percentage germination occurs under lower levels of illumination in E. adenocaulon than it does in Chamaenerion angustifolium, and this probably underlies the much greater percentage germination attained in Epilobium adenocaulon than in Chamaenerion angustifolium when the seeds are shallowly buried (2 mm). Germination in dry conditions also occurs more readily in Epilobium adenocaulon than in Chamaenerion angustifolium. Epilobium montanum is most similar to E. adenocaulon in germination requirements but differs in that its germination is inhibited at 30°C.

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Observations on Local Temperature Variations and Plant Response

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Climate as a Determinant of Vegetation Distribution in Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho

Climate as a Determinant of Vegetation Distribution in Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho

Height differences in clonal stands ofTussilago farfarapromote outcrossing by influencing pollinator behaviour

COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF TUSSILAGO FARFARA L., CHAMAFNERION ANGUSTIFOLIUM (L.) SCOP., EPILOBIUM MONTANUM L. AND FPILOBIUM ADFNOCAULON HAUSSKN.

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