Observations on Induced Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency in Man

Williams, Robert C.; Mason, Harold L.; Wilder, Russell M.; Smith, Benjamin F.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1940.00190160002001

Cited by 122 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Clinical manifestations of thiamine deficiency [5,10] include subtypes, namely (1) neuropsychiatric, (2) high output cardiovascular disease (wet beriberi), (3) neurological/neuropathies (dry beriberi), and (4) gastrointestinal beriberi (as manifested by nausea/emesis/megajejunum or constipation/megacolon). Neuropsychiatric thiamine deficiency includes auditory and visual hallucinations, odd and aggressive behavior, Wernicke's disease (nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia), or Korsakoff's psychosis (impaired short-term memory and confabulation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1940, a classical study from the Mayo Clinic clarified the nutritional complexity of thiamine and its application in clinical medicine [5]. In this report, Dr. Ray Williams described the variety of subtle manifestations in thiamine-deficient patients including symptoms and findings at physical examination involving effected body systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Constipation in Patients with Thiamine Deficiency after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

Shah

Bal²,

Finelli³

et al. 2013

Digestion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery is the most common bariatric surgery worldwide. We have described thiamine deficiency in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth after gastric bypass. We hypothesized that symptoms of thiamine deficiency are common after gastric bypass. The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of and treatment of symptoms of thiamine deficiency after gastric bypass. Methods: This is a prospective study performed in a large urban, community hospital. Consecutive gastric bypass patients seen from February 1, 2008 to May 1, 2009 are included. Thiamine deficiency in this study included both: consistent clinical symptoms and either (1) low blood thiamine level or (2) resolution of clinical symptoms after receiving thiamine. Results: Of 151 patients, 25 females and 2 males met the criteria for thiamine deficiency (prevalence of 18%). In these 27 patients, 12 had one symptom of thiamine deficiency, while 15 had symptoms consistent with multiple subtypes. Eleven patients reported constipation at 0.33-12 years (mean 4.8) after gastric bypass. Elevated serum folate levels were seen in 6 of 10 tested patients and there was an abnormal glucose-hydrogen breath test in 9 of 10 tested patients, supporting the presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Frequency of defecation improved after thiamine treatment. Conclusion: Thiamine deficiency resulting from small intestinal bacterial overgrowth should be considered in patients being seen for constipation after gastric bypass surgery.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constipation in Patients with Thiamine Deficiency after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

Shah

Bal²,

Finelli³

et al. 2013

Digestion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The selection of subjects and the diets utilized in this study have been described in previous reports (9,10,11 Table I shows the values of thiamine excretion in two groups of four subjects who were maintained on a diet which contained not more than 150 micrograms of thiamine per day. The first group (Subjects 1 to 4) received the test dose after 155 days and again after 169 days at this intake level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urinary Excretion of Thiamine as an Index of the Nutritional Level: Assessment of the Value of a Test Dose

Mason¹,

Williams²

1942

J. Clin. Invest.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Harris and Leong (1), in 1936, suggested that the state of vitamin B1 deficiency in man could be detected by measurement of the amount of the vitamin excreted in the urine in the twenty-fourhour period following a single oral test dose of 900 micrograms of thiamine chloride, and since then many other procedures have been suggested for the detection of vitamin B1 deficiency by means of a test dose (2 to 8). Oral and parenteral routes have been used for administration of test doses varying from 1 to 10 mgm. of thiamine chloride and various criteria have been set up for estimation of the state of the subject's nutrition with respect to vitamin B1.The value of a laboratory test for vitamin B1 deficiency lies largely in its application to the detection of those cases in which a chronic mild deficiency may have existed for some time but in which cleancut symptoms or signs of deficiency are not evident. The urinary excretion of thiamine under various conditions has been used as a suggestive index of the state of thiamine nutrition but, unfortunately, most of the control tests reported in the literature have been made on persons partaking of their customary diets of unknown or unspecified vitamin B1 content, or on hospital patients. We believe that it is necessary to determine the response to the test of individuals maintained on various levels of thiamine intake for varying periods of time in order to assess the validity of the test. Only in this way can the response be correlated satisfactorily with the nutritional history and clinical state.We are prompted to report our experience with test-dose procedures because we have had the opportunity to study the responses of fifteen female subjects maintained on rigidly controlled diets of known thiamine content for intervals varying from thirteen weeks to five months. Factors of the vitamin B complex other than thiamine were supplied in purified form or in the form of autoclaved yeast; therefore, the dietary restriction was limited as nearly as possible to thiamine alone. Since the duration and degree of deficiency were known accurately, we believe that the value of test-dose procedures or of the ordinary twentyfour-hour excretion of thiamine as a laboratory aid can be accurately assessed. EXPERIMENTALThe present study is part of a larger one on induced thiamine deficiency in human subjects. The selection of subjects and the diets utilized in this study have been described in previous reports (9,10,11 Table I shows the values of thiamine excretion in two groups of four subjects who were maintained on a diet which contained not more than 150 micrograms of thiamine per day. The first group (Subjects 1 to 4) received the test dose after 155 days and again after 169 days at this intake level. Symptoms of severe deficiency of 247 HAROLD L. MASON AND RAY D. WILLIAMS thiamine were evident on both occasions. The results of the test were essentially the same in both instances. The excretions of thiamine in the twenty-four hours preceding the test were 11 to 26 micrograms.1 In the tw...

show abstract

“…In Quebec the calcium intake again was very low. The [1289] 4 cases. Children with scurvy number only six or seven a year.…”

Section: Dominion Department Of Pensions Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of an insufficient amount of thiamin on both the physical and mental state of the individual has been clearly demonstrated. 4 The deleterious effect of an inadequate supply of vitamin C on the healing of wounds has recently been emphasized.5 These are simply a few examples of how a diet which although adequate for average health may still not supply those food essentials necessary for the highest possible level of health and efficiency. CURRENT …”

Section: Dominion Department Of Pensions Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Years' Experience in a Nutrition Program for National Defense

Tisdall¹

1941

Am J Public Health Nations Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Observations on Induced Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency in Man

Cited by 122 publications

References 8 publications

Constipation in Patients with Thiamine Deficiency after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

Constipation in Patients with Thiamine Deficiency after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

The Urinary Excretion of Thiamine as an Index of the Nutritional Level: Assessment of the Value of a Test Dose

Two Years' Experience in a Nutrition Program for National Defense

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About