Observations of the Tasman Front

Andrews, John C.; Lawrence, Martin W.; Nilsson, C. S.

doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1980)010<1854:oottf>2.0.co;2

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Similar periodicities are encountered along the New South Wales coast as well (70 d near 27 "S varying to 90-175 d between 27" and 32 "S) and are produced by the same mechanism (Garrett, 1979). The mesoscale deep-sea baroclinic fields which generate the periodicities are well documented as structurally similar along the entire east Australian coast (e. g. Scully-Power, 1973;Pickard, 1977) to 34 "S (Andrews et al, 1980). It is highly probable therefore that tropical upwelling enrichment of the shelf break occurs along the entire Great Barrier Reef.…”

Section: The Outer Shelf and Slopesupporting

confidence: 55%

Upwelling as a Source of Nutrients for the Great Barrier Reef Ecosystems: A Solution to Darwin's Question?

Andrews¹,

Gentien²

1982

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

182

110

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The Great Barrier Reef shelf ecosystem is examined for nutrient enrichment from within the seasonal thermocline of the adjacent Coral Sea using moored current and temperature recorders and chemical data from a year of hydrology cruises at 3 to 5 wk intervals. The East Australian Current is found to pulsate in strength over the continental slope with a period near 90 d and to pump cold, saline, nutrient rich water u p the slope to the shelf break. The nutrients are then pumped inshore in a bottom Ekman layer forced by periodic reversals in the longshore wind component. The period of this cycle is 12 to 25 d in summer (30 d year round average) and the bottom surges have a n alternating onshoreoffshore speed up to 10 cm S-'. Upwelling intrusions tend to b e confined near the bottom and phytoplankton development quickly takes place inshore of the shelf break. There are return surface flows which preserve the mass budget and carry silicate rich Lagoon water offshore while nitrogen rich shelf break water is carried onshore. Upwelling intrusions penetrate across the entire zone of reefs, but rarely into the Lagoon. Nutrition is del~vered out of the shelf thermocline to the living coral of reefs by localised upwelling induced by the reefs. Bottom chlorophyll concentrations average 0.4 mg m-3 a t the inner reefs and 0.8 mg m-3 near the shelf break while surface concentrations average 0.3 mg m-3; annual top and bottom variances are respectively 0.5 and 1.9 m g m-3 and there is no apparent seasonal cycle. The estimated onshore nitrogen flux in a 10 m thick bottom layer gives an annual nitrogen input of 20 yg at 1-' throughout the water column in a 50 km zone of reefs, a n enormous value for tropical waters.

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Section: The Outer Shelf and Slopesupporting

confidence: 55%

Upwelling as a Source of Nutrients for the Great Barrier Reef Ecosystems: A Solution to Darwin's Question?

Andrews¹,

Gentien²

1982

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

182

110

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“…3) (Boland and Church, 1981). The EAC intensifies, accelerates and deepens as it follows the coastline until ~32°S, where the main flow of the current (primarily the upper layer) separates and flows east across the Tasman Sea to form the Tasman Front (Andrews et al, 1980). A more minor flow, including the deeper layers of the EAC, continues south of ~32°S along the coast often as a series of deep eddies (Fig.…”

Section: Modern Oceanographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic records over the past 30 ka from temperate Australia – a synthesis from the Oz-INTIMATE workgroup

Petherick

Bostock

Cohen

et al. 2013

Quaternary Science Reviews

117

122

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Dosseto, A. (2013). Climatic records over the past 30 ka from temperate Australia -a synthesis from the Oz-INTIMATE workgroup. Quaternary Science Reviews, 74 58-77.Climatic records over the past 30 ka from temperate Australia -a synthesis from the Oz-INTIMATE workgroup AbstractTemperate Australia sits between the heat engine of the tropics and the cold Southern Ocean, encompassing a range of rainfall regimes and falling under the influence of different climatic drivers. Despite this heterogeneity, broad-scale trends in climatic and environmental change are evident over the past 30 ka. During the early glacial period (∼30-22 ka) and the Last Glacial Maximum (∼22-18 ka), climate was relatively cool across the entire temperate zone and there was an expansion of grasslands and increased fluvial activity in regionally important Murray-Darling Basin. The temperate region at this time appears to be dominated by expanded sea ice in the Southern Ocean forcing a northerly shift in the position of the oceanic fronts and a concomitant influx of cold water along the southeast (including Tasmania) and southwest Australian coasts. The deglacial period (∼18-12 ka) was characterised by glacial recession and eventual disappearance resulting from an increase in temperature deduced from terrestrial records, while there is some evidence for climatic reversals (e.g. the Antarctic Cold Reversal) in high resolution marine sediment cores through this period. The high spatial density of Holocene terrestrial records reveals an overall expansion of sclerophyll woodland and rainforest taxa across the temperate region after ∼12 ka, presumably in response to increasing temperature, while hydrological records reveal spatially heterogeneous hydro-climatic trends. Patterns after ∼6 ka suggest higher frequency climatic variability that possibly reflects the onset of large scale climate variability caused by the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Petherick, L., Bostock, H., Cohen, T. J., Fitzsimmons, K., Tibby, J., Fletcher, M. -S., Moss, P., Reeves, J., Mooney, S., Barrows, T., Kemp, J., Jansen, J., Nanson, G. & Dosseto, A. (2013). Climatic records over the past 30 ka from temperate Australia -a synthesis from the Oz-INTIMATE workgroup. Quaternary Science Reviews, 74 58-77. Australian coasts. The deglacial period (~18-12 ka) was characterised by glacial recession and eventual disappearance resulting from an increase in temperature deduced from terrestrial records, while there is some evidence for climatic reversals (e.g. the Antarctic Cold Reversal) in high resolution marine sediment cores through this period. The high spatial density of Holocene terrestrial records reveals an overall expansion of sclerophyll woodland and rainforest taxa across the temperate region after ~12 ka, presumably in response to increasing temperature, while hydrological records reveal spatially heterogeneous hydro-climatic trends. Patterns after ~6 ka suggest higher frequency climatic variability that possibly reflects the onset of large scale climate variability caused by...

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“…Eddy mass transports can be several times the mean transport, leading to strong recirculation patterns (Mata et al 2006). At about 308 S, the current splits into the eastward flowing Tasman Front (Andrews et al 1980) and the southward flowing EAC. ARS behavior by leatherbacks was identified in two seasonally distinct areas within the EAC: a southern area near Bass Strait that was used during austral spring, summer and fall months (Figs.…”

Section: High-use Foraging Destinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, water temperatures within the high latitude foraging areas of the EAC are warmer than temperate waters frequented by leatherbacks in the northern hemisphere, thus potentially providing an energetic advantage. Tasman Front (TAS).-The TAS is a semipermanent frontal feature created by the East Australia Current as it moves eastward and offshore, and is characterized by marked meanders and eddies and a zone of enhanced CHL (Andrews et al 1980, Tilburg et al 2001, Belkin and Cornillon 2007, Baird et al 2008. Two leatherbacks from SI nesting beaches arrived in the TAS region during April-June and engaged in ARS behavior in an area of low currentvelocity and potential zooplankton retention just south of the TAS prior to passing New Zealand's North Cape (Fig.…”

Section: High-use Foraging Destinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale movements and high-use areas of western Pacific leatherback turtles,Dermochelys coriacea

Benson¹,

Eguchi²,

Foley³

et al. 2011

Ecosphere

121

173

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Abstract. The western Pacific leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), one of three genetically distinct stocks in the Indo-Pacific region, has declined markedly during past decades. This metapopulation nests year-round at beaches of several western Pacific island nations and has been documented through genetic analysis and telemetry studies to occur in multiple regions of the Pacific Ocean. To provide a large-scale perspective of their movements, high-use areas, and habitat associations, we report and synthesize results of 126 satellite telemetry deployments conducted on leatherbacks at western Pacific nesting beaches and at one eastern Pacific foraging ground during [2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007]. A Bayesian switching state-space model was applied to raw Argos-acquired surface locations to estimate daily positions and behavioral mode (either transiting or area-restricted search) for each turtle. Monthly areas of high use were identified for postnesting periods using kernel density estimation. There was a clear separation of migratory destinations for boreal summer vs. boreal winter nesters. Leatherbacks that nested during boreal summer moved into Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) of the temperate North Pacific Ocean or into tropical waters of the South China Sea. Turtles that nested during boreal winter moved into temperate and tropical LMEs of the southern hemisphere. Area-restricted search occurred in temperate and tropical waters at diverse pelagic and coastal regions exhibiting a wide range of oceanographic features, including mesoscale eddies, coastal retention areas, current boundaries, or stationary fronts, all of which are known mechanisms for aggregating leatherback prey. Use of the most distant and temperate foraging ground, the California Current LME, required a 10-12 month trans-Pacific migration and commonly involved multiple years of migrating between high-latitude summer foraging grounds and low-latitude eastern tropical Pacific wintering areas without returning to western Pacific nesting beaches. In contrast, tropical foraging destinations were reached within 5-7 months and appeared to support year-round foraging, potentially allowing a more rapid return to nesting beaches. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that demographic differences are likely among nesting females using different LMEs of the Indo-Pacific. The differences in movements and foraging strategies underscore the importance of and the need for ecosystem-based management and coordinated Pacific-wide conservation efforts. v www.esajournals.org 1

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Observations of the Tasman Front

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Upwelling as a Source of Nutrients for the Great Barrier Reef Ecosystems: A Solution to Darwin's Question?

Upwelling as a Source of Nutrients for the Great Barrier Reef Ecosystems: A Solution to Darwin's Question?

Climatic records over the past 30 ka from temperate Australia – a synthesis from the Oz-INTIMATE workgroup

Large-scale movements and high-use areas of western Pacific leatherback turtles,Dermochelys coriacea

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