Observations of the Marine Boundary Layer Thermal Structure over the Gulf Stream during a Cold Air Outbreak

Sethuraman, Sunder; Riordan, Allen J.; Holt, Teddy; Stunder, M.; Hinman, Jack W.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1986)025<0014:ootmbl>2.0.co;2

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To put the subsequent discussion of past research in proper context, an overview is provided for the dominant regional‐scale atmospheric features in the study region. The reader is referred to several works for snapshots of specific meteorological and transport conditions for individual field campaigns to be described later (e.g., Angevine et al, ; Fuelberg et al, ; Fuelberg et al, ; Merrill & Moody, ; Moody et al, ; Sethuraman et al, ; Stunder et al, ).…”

Section: Atmospheric Circulation and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, various studies demonstrated the success of numerical models in reproducing the horizontal character of cloud fields, heat flux profiles, and mean temperatures during MASEX CAO events (Bechtold et al, ; Raasch, ). Closely related to MASEX was a separate research cruise in November 1983 off the North Carolina coast to study the thermal structure of the MBL (Sethuraman et al, ); those results showed that MBL was deeper with enhanced sensible heat fluxes during a CAO in contrast to other synoptic regimes encountered.…”

Section: History Of Wnao Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Gulf Stream domain is identified as one of the regions that is most likely to have very strong CAOs based on a global analysis (Fletcher et al, 2016a). As discussed in section 3, an extensive number of studies examined characteristic features during CAOs several decades ago (Atlas et al, 1983;Bosart, 1981;Bunker, 1976;Bunker & Worthington, 1976;Chou & Atlas, 1982;Gall & Johnson, 1971;Ichiye & Zipser, 1967;Sethuraman et al, 1986;Sweet et al, 1981). These original studies laid the framework for major campaigns 10.1029/2019JD031626…”

Section: Clouds and Stormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decades of atmospheric research have focused on the Western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) region because of its unique location that offers accessibility for airborne and ship measurements, gradients in important atmospheric parameters, and a range of meteorological regimes leading to diverse conditions that are poorly understood. This work reviews these scientific investigations for the WNAO region, including the East Coast of North America and the island of Bermuda. Over 50 field campaigns and long‐term monitoring programs, in addition to 715 peer‐reviewed publications between 1946 and 2019, have provided a firm foundation of knowledge for these areas. Of particular importance in this region has been extensive work at the island of Bermuda that is host to important time series records of oceanic and atmospheric variables. Our review categorizes WNAO atmospheric research into eight major categories, with some studies fitting into multiple categories (relative %): aerosols (25%); gases (24%); development/validation of techniques, models, and retrievals (18%); meteorology and transport (9%); air‐sea interactions (8%); clouds/storms (8%); atmospheric deposition (7%); and aerosol‐cloud interactions (2%). Recommendations for future research are provided in the categories highlighted above.

show abstract

Section: Atmospheric Circulation and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Wnao Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clouds and Stormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Winter cold air pushing out across warmer continents is usually a vigorous meteorological event. The energy and dynamics are dramatically enhanced when cold, continental air pushes off the east coast of a continent and across a relatively warm, open ocean, guaranteeing a strong, unstable boundary layer, great heat losses and large wind stresses [ SethuRaman et al , 1986; Bajić 1987; Renfrew and Moore , 1999; Dorman et al , 2000]. A northern Mediterranean Sea example is that of air flowing off Croatia and across the Adriatic Sea to Italy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic

Dorman¹,

Carniel²,

Cavaleri³

et al. 2006

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A winter oceanographic field experiment provided an opportunity to examine the atmospheric marine conditions over the northern Adriatic. Mean February winds are from a northeasterly direction over most of the Adriatic and a more northerly direction along the western coast. Wind speeds are fastest in jets over the NE coast during bora events and weakest in the mid‐northwestern Adriatic. Diurnal air temperature cycles are smallest on the NE coast and largest in the midwestern Adriatic. The maximum sea‐air difference is +10°C on the eastern coast and near zero on the midwestern Adriatic. Boras are northeasterly (from) wind events that sweep off Croatia and Slovenia, bringing slightly colder and drier air over the northern Adriatic. The main bora season is December to March. Winter 2002–2003 was normal for bora events. Synoptic‐scale temporal variations are correlated over the northern Adriatic. Fastest Bora winds and highest wind stress over the northern Adriatic is concentrated in four topographically controlled jets. The strongest is the Senj Jet, while the Trieste Jet extends across the entire northern Adriatic. Between each two jets is a weak wind zone. The greatest mean net heat loss is in bora jets in the NE Adriatic, where it was −438 W m−2 and is weakest in the midwestern northern Adriatic, where it was near zero. Wind stress is concentrated over the NE half of Adriatic in four bora jets, while wind stress is weak in the NW Adriatic. There is significant variation in wind stress mean and standard deviation structure over the northern Adriatic with each bora event.

show abstract

“…This produced a total heat flux of about 1000 W • m~2. Values of about 800 W • m 2 have been observed over the Gulf Stream even during moderate cold-air out breaks (SethuRaman et al 1986). Surface-heat fluxes of this magnitude produced strong convective conditions and significant evaporation.…”

Section: B Variation Of the Surface Fluxes Of Heat And Momentummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment: The Planetary-Boundary-Layer Subprogram of GALE

Raman¹,

Riordan²

1988

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE), focused an intensive data-gathering effort along the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States from 15 January through 15 March 1986. Here, the general objectives and experimental layout are described with special emphasis on the planetary-boundary-layer (PBL) component of GALE.Instrumentation is described for buoys, ships, research aircraft, and towers. The networks of the cross-chain long range aid to navigation (LORAN) atmospheric sounding system (CLASS) and the portable automated mesonet (PAM II) are described and their impact on the operation of GALE is outlined. Special use of dual-Doppler radar to obtain detailed wind measurements in the PBL is discussed.Preliminary analyses for a selected observational period are given. Detailed observations of the offshore coastal front reveal direct mesoscale circulations imbedded in the frontal zone. Later in the period, during an intense cold-air outbreak, sensible-heat and latent-heat fluxes over the coastal ocean each attain values of about 500 W • m~2. Coordinated aircraft operations are outlined for this case and a few early findings are given.

show abstract

Observations of the Marine Boundary Layer Thermal Structure over the Gulf Stream during a Cold Air Outbreak

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic

The Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment: The Planetary-Boundary-Layer Subprogram of GALE

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About