Observations of the Behavior and Distribution of Fish in Relation to the Columbia River Navigation Channel and Channel Maintenance Activities

Carlson, Thomas J.; Ploskey, Gene R.; Johnson, Rachel L.; Mueller, Robert P.

doi:10.2172/787964

Cited by 1 publication

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Most were located within depths of 3 m or less (Carlson et al 2001). However, Bottom et al (2005) noted that yearling Chinook salmon found in the estuary prior to June could also be found along the shoreline.…”

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information on the location of smolts within the cross section of the river is likely most reliable because the entire cross section was interrogated (Carlson et al 2001;Ledgerwood et al 2004;Schreck et al 2005; PNNL, unpublished data).…”

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Juvenile Chinook and chum salmon less than 50-60 mm long were found primarily in shallow water (e.g., <1 m), fish 60-100 mm long were found in slightly deeper habitats (shoals, distributary channels), and fish greater than 100 mm long were found in deep-and shallow-water habitats (Carlson et al 2001;Bottom et al 2005).…”

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trawl samples from the channel off Tongue Point, Clatsop Spit, and Jones Beach in 1966 showed that more than 95% of all juvenile fall Chinook salmon were within 3 m of the surface (Dawley et al 1986). Fish detected by hydroacoustics in the channel and channel margins were significantly higher in the water column during the day than during the evening and night, whereas most fish closer to shore were detected within 2 m of the bottom during both day and night (Carlson et al 2001). Both laboratory and field studies have shown that juvenile salmonids prefer to occupy surface waters but will move up or down in the water column in response to adverse condition changes such as temperature and oxygen levels (Birtwell and Kruzynksi 1989).…”

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variability is likely due to several factors that affect migration rate, including fish origin, fish size (Dawley et al 1986), run-type (Schiewe et al 1989), Columbia River discharge (Schreck et al 2005;Ledgerwood et al 2004), tidal cycle (Schreck and Stahl 1998), and diel period (Dawley et al 1986;Ledgerwood et al 1991;Carlson et al 2001). …”

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Juvenile Salmonid Presence and Migratory Behavior in the Lower Columbia River

Carter¹,

McMichael²,

Welch³

et al. 2009

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SummaryThe U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducts construction and dredging activities in the lower Columbia River and estuary to maintain navigation routes. This area is used by several species of Pacific salmon protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. To facilitate planning of proposed channel maintenance projects, the Portland District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers contracted the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to summarize information regarding juvenile anadromous salmonid distribution and behavior in the lower Columbia River and estuary, including existing published information as well as data from 5 years (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) of acoustic telemetry studies conducted in the Columbia River estuary using the Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System.Juvenile anadromous Pacific salmon rear in and migrate through the Columbia River and estuary between Bonneville Dam and the Pacific Ocean. A large quantity of information has been published on seasonal presence, habitat use, and migratory behavior of Chinook salmon. Some information is available on steelhead. Information on use of the Columbia River estuary by the less abundant anadromous salmonid species (cutthroat and bull trout) and or those species having life histories with limited freshwater rearing and migration (pink and chum salmon) is limited. This is not to say that estuary habitats are not important to the life cycle of these species; instead, it is simply a statement that specific information is lacking or the existing information indicates these species are not known to widely utilize these estuary habitats for extended periods.Little information exists on use of the Columbia River estuary by pink salmon. Based on published information on this species from other areas, it is likely that pink salmon use of the Columbia River estuary is very limited. Chum salmon are present in the Columbia River estuary following emergence as early as mid-January through mid July, with the peak in abundance between mid April and mid May as they migrate seaward. Hatchery and wild coho salmon use the Columbia River estuary as a migratory route to the Pacific Ocean and also for rearing in some cases. Rearing coho salmon may be in the Columbia River estuary throughout the year, with peak abundance of smolts migrating between April and June. Similar to coho salmon, juvenile Chinook salmon may be found rearing in the Columbia River estuary any time of the year. Stream-type Chinook salmon, which typically rear in higher elevation tributaries for 1 year prior to migrating to sea, are most abundant in the Columbia River estuary between early April and early June. Large numbers of pre-smolt Chinook salmon rear in the Columbia River estuary, and it is likely that many of these are fall Chinook salmon. The fall Chinook salmon migration through the Columbia River estuary typically peaks between May and July. However, there is typically a pulse of subyearling Chinook salmon entering the estuary in March from hatchery releases from Spring Creek Nationa...

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Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chinook Salmon and Steelheadmentioning

confidence: 99%