Observations of sequential changes in bone mass in postmenopausal women: a controlled trial of oestrogen and calcium therapy

Horsman, A.; Nordin, B. E. C.; Gallagher, J. Christopher; Kirby, Patricia; Milner, Richard; Simpson, Margaret

doi:10.1007/bf02064068

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several recent densitometric studies have provided strong evidence that the midlife acceleration of appendicular bone loss in women can be directly related to postmenopausal estrogen deficiency (20)(21)(22) Age (years)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential changes in bone mineral density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with aging: relationship to spinal osteoporosis.

et al. 1981

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T Patterns ofbone loss in the axial and the appendicular skeleton were studied in 187 normal volunteers (105 women and 82 men; age range, 20-89 yr) and in 76 women and 9 men with vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis. Bone mineral density was measured in vivo at the lumbar spine (predominantly trabecular bone) by dual photon absorptiometry and at the midradius (>95% cortical bone) and distal radius (75% cortical and 25% trabecular bone) by single photon absorptiometry. In normal women, bone diminution from the vertebrae began in young adulthood and was linear. In the appendicular skeleton, bone diminution did not occur until age 50 yr, was accelerated from ages 51 to 65 yr, and then decelerated somewhat after age 65 yr. Overall bone diminution throughout life was 47% for the vertebrae, 30% for the midradius, and 39% for the distal radius. In normal men, vertebral and appendicular bone diminution with aging was minimal or insignificant. Mean bone mineral density was lower in patients with osteoporosis than in age-and sex-matched normal subjects at all three scanning sites, although spinal measurements discriminated best; however, there was considerable overlap. By age 65 yr, half ofthe normal women (and by age 85 yr, virtually all of them) had vertebral bone mineral density values below the 90th percentile of women with vertebral fractures and, thus, might be considered to have asymptomatic osteoporosis. For men, the degree of overlap was less. The data suggest that disproportionate loss of trabecular bone from the axial skeleton is a distinguishing characteristic of spinal osteoporosis.Address reprint requests to Dr. Riggs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential changes in bone mineral density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with aging: relationship to spinal osteoporosis.

et al. 1981

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the prophylactic and therapeutic use of hormonal and nutritional supplements has become increasingly widespread over the past two decades, particularly as a means to slow bone loss in aging Caucasian women Cummings et al, 1985;PaganiniHill et al, 1981;Gallagher and Riggs, 1978;Riggs et al, 1976;Lafferty et al, 1969;Davis et al, 1966;Nicholas and Wilson, 1963;Gordon, 1961). Numerous clinical studies document that accelerated rates of bone loss in women can be retarded if estrogen replacement therapy is initiated within the first few years of natural, or surgical, menopause (Horsman et al, 1977;Nordin et al, 1976;Aitken et al, 1976;Meema and Meema, 1976;Meema et al, 1975).…”

Section: Etiology Of Distal Radius Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A slow normal rate of trabecular bone loss begins in men and women by the end of the third decade of life (Riggs and Melton, 19861, and a slow rate of cortical bone loss is usually apparent in men and women by the end of the fourth decade (Goldsmith et al, 1973;Garn, 1970). However, during the menopausal years women experience an accelerated rate of cortical bone loss due to cessation of ovarian function and estrogen withdrawal (Horsman et al, 1977;Meema and Meema, 1976). By 60 years of age females often show a significant reduction in skeletal mass, marked osteoporosis, and subsequently display an earlier age at (Dalen et al, 1976;Nordin, 1976Nordin, , 1971Chalmers, 1973;Chalmers and Weaver, 1966).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Hamann‐Todd collection aging studies: Osteoporosis fracture syndrome

Mensforth

Latimer

1989

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study presents a retrospective analysis of distal radius, proximal femur, vertebral, and sacral fractures that occurred in 938 Hamann-Todd Collection skeletons. Individuals included in the investigation were retrieved from dissecting room cadavers in Cleveland, Ohio, between the years 1910 and 1940. Demographic analysis showed that the mean ages at death for blacks and whites included in the study were 41.9 and 53.8 years, respectively. Evaluations of fracture repair status were made for all fractures that were identified. Observations that document side of involvement and unilateral/bilateral distribution were made for distal radius and hip fractures. It was found that the age-, sex-, and race-related fracture patterns which characterize the early 20th century Hamann-Todd sample strongly correspond in distribution and magnitude to those seen in modern American and European urban industrial communities. The distal radius, hip, vertebral, and sacral fractures which were identified in individuals over 60 years of age appear to be a primary result of skeletal fragility due to age progressive bone loss. However, it is suggested that the early onset and high frequency of distal radius fractures seen in climacteric Caucasian women may be more directly due to accidental falls initiated by a greater frequency, intensity, and duration of vasomotor disturbances which are known to accompanay estrogen withdrawal in perimenopausal white females.

show abstract

“…Retrospective studies (Meema, Bunker & Meema, 1975) and prospective trials (Heaney & Recker, 1975;Lindsay, Aitken, Anderson, Hart, MacDonald & Clarke, 1976;Horsman, Nordin, Gallagher, Kirby, Milner & Simpson, 1977) have indicated that oestrogen replacement protects against postmenopausal bone loss. However, oestrogen therapy also causes metabolic effects which could create problems when oestrogens are prescribed over a long period (Poller, 1976;Goldman, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative Effects of Oestrogen and a Progestogen on Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Women

et al. 1978

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. The value of progestogen therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss was assessed in 30 women, by a preliminary randomized controlled trial of gestronol or mestranol, in comparison with a placebo. 2. When the skeletal response was measured by photon absorptiometry, bone mineral loss was prevented by both the oestrogen and the progestogen. 3. We confirm that mestranol significantly reduced the urinary output of hydroxyproline-containing peptide, but this did not occur during gestronol therapy, suggesting that progestogen has a different action on bone, perhaps stimulating bone formation.

show abstract

Observations of sequential changes in bone mass in postmenopausal women: a controlled trial of oestrogen and calcium therapy

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Differential changes in bone mineral density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with aging: relationship to spinal osteoporosis.

Differential changes in bone mineral density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with aging: relationship to spinal osteoporosis.

Hamann‐Todd collection aging studies: Osteoporosis fracture syndrome

Comparative Effects of Oestrogen and a Progestogen on Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About