Observations of Reynolds Stresses in wind waves

Shonting, David

doi:10.1007/bf00875026

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is clear from the data that the waves are not truly irrotational. This agrees with the field data of Shonting (1964Shonting ( , 1967Shonting ( , 1968Shonting ( , 1970, Yefimov & Kristoforov (1969, 1971, Cavaleri et al (1978), as well as the laboratory results of Howe et al (1981). They all found that the vertical and horizontal velocities were not in quadrature.…”

Section: Evidence Of Wave-generated Turbulencesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Field measurements of water vclocity under wind waves were made by Bowdcn & White (1966), Shonting (1964Shonting ( , 1967Shonting ( , 1968Shonting ( , 1970, Simpson (1969), Yefimov & Khristoforov (1969, 1971, Taira (1971), Thornton & Krapohl (1974) and Cavaleri, Ewing & Smith (1978). Most showed general agreement with linear theory ; however, Shonting, Yefimov & Kristoforov and Cavaleri et al found vertical and horizontal velocities not in quadrature, thus indicating the existence of a downward momentum flux.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The turbulent layer in the water at an air—water interface

Cheung¹,

1988

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The velocity fields beneath an air—water interface have been determined in a laboratory facility for the cases of wind-generated waves, with wind speeds ranging from 1.5 to 13.1 m/s, and of wind-ruffled mechanically generated waves of about 22 mm amplitude and 1 Hz frequency, with wind speeds ranging from 1.7 to 6.2 m/s. The velocity was measured in a fixed frame of reference with a two-component, laser-Doppler anemometer. It was possible to determine the lengthscales and evaluate the behaviour of the mean, wave-related and turbulent components of the flows. The waves affect the mean flows, even though the profiles remain essentially logarithmic and the wave field conforms generally with the results of linear theory. In the wind-wave cases the turbulent quantities behave similarly to those in flows over flat plates. They have different trends in the mechanical-wave cases, suggesting a coupling between waves and turbulence. Finally, measured values of the mean wave-induced shear stress were negative, leading to an energy transfer from the waves to the mean flow.

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Section: Evidence Of Wave-generated Turbulencesupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The turbulent layer in the water at an air—water interface

Cheung¹,

1988

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“…However, it has been suspected for a long time that in the presence of wind the assumption of irrotationality is only approximately valid. The pioneering field measurements of Shonting [1964Shonting [ , 1970, Yefimov and Khristoforov [1971 a, b], and Cavaleri et al [1978] showed that the phases of the orbital velocity components measured with respect to the wave elevation deviate significantly from linear theory predictions. Things appeared even clearer some years later in two remarkable series of experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A triple decomposition of the fluctuating motion below laboratory wind water waves

Thais¹,

Magnaudet²

1995

J. Geophys. Res.

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Understanding of the dynamics of the top meters of the ocean requires an improvement of present knowledge about interactions between wind waves, mean sheared current, and turbulence. To achieve this goal, a key point lies in relevant definitions and evaluations of orbital and turbulent motions. The aim of this paper is to build and validate a separation technique allowing one to distinguish all three crucial contributions of the fluctuating motion, namely the potential and rotational parts of the orbital motion, as well as turbulent fluctuations. The whole method is first developed and tested for periodic rotational waves. The first step of this technique consists of a determination of the instantaneous stream function associated with the potential motion induced by the waves in presence of a linear sheared current. The second step consists of a linear filtration of the remaining motion from which the orbital rotational motion is extracted. The strong hypotheses involved in the technique are then carefully checked and shown to be relevant in the case of laboratory wind waves. The method is finally applied to experimental data obtained by laser Doppler velocimetry measurements in a wind-water laboratory facility. Influence of the mean sheared current on the prediction of orbital velocities is pointed out, and the orbital rotational contribution is found to have a significant magnitude. THAIS AND MAGNAUDET: DECOMPOSITION OF THE MOTION BELOW WAVESThe first method derived by Benilov and Filyushkin [1970] is called the linear filtration technique (hereinafter referred to as LFT). In this method, which works in the frequency domain, the orbital motion is assumed to be linearly related to the surface displacement via a convolution process, while turbulence and orbital motion are assumed to be uncorrelated at first order. The second method derived by Dean [1965] and updated by Jiang et al. [1990] is a nonlinear least squares resolution in the time domain of the full kinematic and dynamic equations written at the free surface. It assumes that the orbital motion is DECOMPOSITION OF THE MOTION BELOW WAVES 743

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Reynolds Stresses

Cavaleri¹,

Zecchetto²

1985

The Ocean Surface

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Observations of Reynolds Stresses in wind waves

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

The turbulent layer in the water at an air—water interface

The turbulent layer in the water at an air—water interface

A triple decomposition of the fluctuating motion below laboratory wind water waves

Reynolds Stresses

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