Observations of Planetary Nebulae at 1.65 to 3.4 Microns

Willner, S. P.; Becklin, E. E.; Visvanathan, N.

doi:10.1086/151591

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Extinction determined from the colour excess method normalizes observed colours to intrinsic or expected colours. Using Equation 6 (see Section 3.4.2) and the flux ratio determined by Willner et al (1972) The effect of hot dust is also seen, which is reflected in the difference between the regression line (red) and the equality line (green).…”

Section: E[h-k] and E[j-h]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The coordinated radio and infrared survey for high-mass star formation – IV. A new radio-selected sample of compact galactic planetary nebulae

Irabor

Hoare

Oudmaijer

et al. 2018

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present a new radio-selected sample of PNe from the CORNISH survey. This is a radio continuum survey of the inner Galactic plane covering Galactic longitude, 10 • < l < 65 • and latitude, |b| < 1 • with a resolution of 1.5 and sensitivity better than 0.4 mJy/beam. The radio regime, being unbiased by dust extinction, allows for a more complete sample selection, especially towards the Galactic mid-plane. Visual inspection of the CORNISH data, in combination with data from multi-wavelength surveys of the Galactic plane, allowed the CORNISH team to identify 169 candidate PNe. Here, we explore the use of multi-wavelength diagnostic plots and analysis to verify and classify the candidate PNe. We present the multi-wavelength properties of this new PNe sample. We find 90 new PNe, of which 12 are newly discovered and 78 are newly classified as PN. A further 47 previously suspected PNe are confirmed as such from the analysis presented here and 24 known PNe are detected. Eight sources are classified as possible PNe or other source types. Our sample includes a young subsample, with physical diameters < 0.12 pc, brightness temperatures (> 1000 K) and located closer than 7 kpc. Within this sample is a water-maser PN with a spectral index of −0.55 ± 0.08, which indicates non-thermal radio emission. Such a radio-selected sample, unaffected by extinction, will be particularly useful to compare with population synthesis models and should contribute to the understanding of the formation and evolution of PNe.

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Section: E[h-k] and E[j-h]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The coordinated radio and infrared survey for high-mass star formation – IV. A new radio-selected sample of compact galactic planetary nebulae

Irabor

Hoare

Oudmaijer

et al. 2018

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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“…Before 1985 only a few PNe, the brightest ones, had been observed in this wavelength range (Willner et al 1972;Allen 1973;Persson & Frogel Peña & Torres-Peimbert 1987;Persi et al 1987). Most of these PNe satisfy our selection criteria and are, therefore, included in our sample.…”

Section: Pnementioning

confidence: 99%

Near infrared photometry of IRAS sources with colours like planetary nebulae. III.

García-Lario

Manchado

Pych

et al. 1997

Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser.

158

162

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Abstract. We present the near infrared photometry of a new sample of 225 IRAS sources, many of them previously unidentified in the literature, selected because their far infrared colours are similar to those shown by known planetary nebulae. The results obtained are used to establish the main source of near infrared emission. Combining this information with the far infrared IRAS data and a few additional criteria we determine the nature and evolutionary stage of all the sources observed so far, including those for which near infrared photometry was previously reported in Papers I and II.Among the unidentified IRAS sources in our sample we find only a small percentage of planetary nebulae, many of them very young and dusty, showing peculiar near infrared colours. Most of the new objects observed in the near infrared are identified as transition objects in the previous stages of the stellar evolution. Among them, we find heavily obscured late-AGB stars, early post-AGB stars still obscured by thick circumstellar envelopes which are probably the true progenitors of planetary nebulae, and a significant fraction of stars with bright optical counterparts showing little or no near infrared excess, which we associate with highly evolved post-AGB stars with low mass progenitors, which may never become planetary nebulae. In addition, we also find a small percentage of young stellar objects, as well as a few Seyfert galaxies.We conclude that, in most cases, based on near infrared data alone, it is not possible to give a confident classification of the unidentified IRAS source. However, the near infrared is shown to be a powerful tool, specially when dealing with objects which are heavily obscured in Send offprint requests to: P. García-Lario Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, La Silla (Chile) and at the Spanish Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. Table 6 is only available electronically at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http: //cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html the optical. In this case, the detection of the near infrared counterpart is the only way in which we can extend the study of these sources to other spectral ranges and may be crucial to understand the short-lived phase which precedes the formation of a new planetary nebula.

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“…The 1 -mm point is by Harvey (1973) using the Hale 200-inch telescope, the 30-to 300-n data are by Harper (1974), and the remainder of the infrared data are from Wynn-Williams et al (1972). The solid line shows the emission expected from transitions in the H n plasma, calculated according to the relationships given by Willner, Becklin, and Visvanathan (1972), and the dashed line is a blackbody curve at 70° K. 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 log v (Hz) sources associated with Hn regions (generally 1665/1667-MHz sources) also display infrared emission, the infrared properties of the sources are much less predictable than those of the 1612-MHz OH/IR stars.…”

Section: Wynn-williams and Becklinmentioning

confidence: 99%