1974
DOI: 10.1029/rg012i004p00592
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Observations of Moon‐plasma interactions by orbital and surface experiments

Abstract: Extensive magnetic field observations together with crucial plasma measurements by the Explorer 35 lunar orbiter and Apollo surface and orbital experiments have established the basic nature of the moon's interaction with the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field. The effective absorption of the incident solar wind by the moon creates a plasma void or cavity behind the moon. The cavity‐associated magnetic signature is characterized by an enhancement in magnetic field magnitude B within the cavity as comp… Show more

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Cited by 81 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…As Schubert and Lichtenstein [1974] have very cogently argued, it is difficult to define a Mach cone with respect to the undisturbed solar wind because of the presence of the limb shocks. The only true Mach cone with respect to the undisturbed solar wind must lie outside of these compressional features.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…As Schubert and Lichtenstein [1974] have very cogently argued, it is difficult to define a Mach cone with respect to the undisturbed solar wind because of the presence of the limb shocks. The only true Mach cone with respect to the undisturbed solar wind must lie outside of these compressional features.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Explorer 35 spacecraft and the Apollo 15 and 16 subsatellites [ Ness , 1972; Schubert and Lichtenstein , 1974, and references therein] provided the first observations of the lunar plasma wake. Explorer 35 surveyed the wake at distances of 1000–10,000 km from the surface of the Moon, while the Apollo subsatellites provided limited coverage in a region ∼100–160 km above the lunar surface.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The interaction between the Moon and solar wind has been studied since the 1960s (see the review by Schubert and Lichtenstein [1974], and references therein).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ness et al 1968;Schubert and Lichtenstein 1974). Figure 2 is a schematic picture of the plasma environment around the moon when the moon is located in the solar wind.…”
Section: Science On the Plasma Waves And Plasma Physics On The Moonmentioning
confidence: 98%