Observations in the development of tracheal prostheses and tracheal transplantation

Tracheal Tissue Engineering

“…Luckily, during the 1950s and 60s there were significant strides in tissue and organ transplantation, including the first [11,35,38,61], cartilage [13,62], dermal grafts [14,56], pericardium [63], free periosteum wrap [64,65,66], bone strips [21], stented cartilage and perichondrium [67], costal cartilage, periosteum and rib [68], composite patches of buccal mucosa and auricular cartilage, [69] dura mater with wire [70], bladder mucosa [51,71,72,73], jejunal patches [74], and perichondrium from ear and rib [75]. For all of these attempts, it was found that autogenous patches generally results in fibrotic contraction with patchy epithelization.…”

Tracheal Replacements: Part 2

“…Polymer coatings or tissue wraps (omentum, fascia, and pericardium) have been used to decrease air leaks. Materials of meshes used experimentally include steel wire 3,6,11,[33][34][35][36] wrapped with tissue (such as omentum, fascia, pericardium) for air tightness; stainless steel wire lined with dermis or synthetic materials 2 ; Tantalum 3,26,29,33,37-39 with or without pleura or fascia; coated titanium fiber metal 40 ; Marlex 11,[41][42][43][44][45] ; Marlex with collagen reinforced by polypropylene spiral 46 -49 ; polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 33,50 -54 ; porous high density polyethylene (PHDPE) 55 ; polyurethane 56 ; Ivalon and wire 12,57,58 ; Dacron and polyurethane 59 ; Prolene mesh reinforced with polypropylene rings 60 ; uncoated porous polypropylene, 61 and Teflon. 33 Materials with experimental success or promise are shown in Table 3.…”

Reconstruction of the Anterior Laryngeal Wall with a Composite Graft of Demineralized Bovine Bone Matrix and Autogenous Perichondrium

“…1993 Accepted: October 28. 1993 alloplastic material have been reviewed by Bailey and Kosoy [8] and Jacobs [9]. For the reconstruction of the cricoid, hydroxylapatite wrapped in autogenous tissue proved to be the most suitable graft as it is fully incorpo rated in the cartilaginous cricoid ring [10,11].…”

“…The incapacity of this biomaterial to 'grow' inter feres with a commensurate expansion of the reconstructed cricoid ring, resulting in a progressive relative stenosis during further growth [11], Proplast [12] and plastipore [12,13] were demonstrated to be less useful for this pur pose because of insufficient incorporation into the sur rounding tissue and hencea lack of stability. Once an allo plastic graft was employed for the reconstruction of the complete anterior subglottic wall (cartilaginous skeleton and soft tissue lining) and thus, exposed to the bacterial flora in the airway lumen; the outcome of the grafting appeared to be disastrous [8,9]. Colonization of the graft by microorganisms with subsequent extrusion and the formation of abundant granulation tissue in the airway mucosa were the inevitable result.…”

“…Gelfoam with stainless steel mesh [8] or Dacron polyurethane mesh [9] have been utilized after preceding fibrous encapsulation in an extralaryngeal site, to repair laryngotracheal defects. In a similar two-stage procedure Har-El et al [ 14] applied methyl methacrylate grafts, some of which were additionally wrapped in periost or fascia lata.…”