Observations and other characteristics of thermals

Sparrow, E. M.; Husar, Rudolf B.; Goldstein, R. J.

doi:10.1017/s0022112070000927

Cited by 209 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…3a). The absolute value of "hot frequencies" follows the Ra 2/a scaling found in previous studies of such plumes [Sparrow et al, 1970]. Similar to Fig.…”

Section: Ever At Very Large Ra > O(107) Plumes Form With a Wider Rsupporting

confidence: 86%

Interaction of rising and sinking mantle plumes

Schaeffer

Manga

2001

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract.The frequency of plume formation in fullydeveloped thermal convection is determined experimentally. Because the fluid has a temperature-dependent viscosity, the cold and hot thermal boundary layers have different thicknesses and viscosities. As a result, plumes are released from these layers with different frequencies. There also appears to be a direct temporal interaction between the cold and hot boundary layers. In particular, whereas there is a single frequency for cold plume formation, hot plumes form with multiple frequencies, one of which is similar to the frequency of cold plumes. The measurements thus suggest that cold sinking "plumes" may induce hot rising plumes.

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“…3a). The absolute value of "hot frequencies" follows the Ra 2/a scaling found in previous studies of such plumes [Sparrow et al, 1970]. Similar to Fig.…”

Section: Ever At Very Large Ra > O(107) Plumes Form With a Wider Rsupporting

confidence: 86%

Interaction of rising and sinking mantle plumes

Schaeffer

Manga

2001

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In other words, it decreases with an increase in "external forcing", which is consistent with the previous studies about the intermittency of convective phenomena (e.g. Sparrow et al, 1970;Foster, 1971;Akitomo, 1988). In the case with θ m = 3.3°C and τ y = -0.05 N m -2 , no dominant intermittency is observed except the inertial oscillation since the activity of convection is very weak.…”

Section: Standard Casesupporting

confidence: 91%

Deep convection in a lake triggered by wind: Two-dimensional numerical experiments with a nonhydrostatic model

et al. 1995

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We have investigated the fundamental processes of deep convection in a lake at high latitudes triggered by wind during spring or autumn and the associated deep water formation, executing vertically two-dimensional numerical experiments with a nonhydrostatic model. The water column in which a relatively cold mixed layer overlies a relatively warm layer becomes unstable, when the Ekman convergence on the shore due to along-shore wind deepens the mixed layer below the compensation depth, where water densities in both layers becomes equal to each other because of the thermobaric effect. At the onset of deep convection, the critical Rayleigh number agrees with that predicted by the linear theory. The onset time of deep convection is inversely proportional to the magnitude of wind stress. On the other hand, the onset time is minimal when water temperature in the mixed layer θ m is 3.1°C because a change of θ m has two effects oppositely acting on the stability of the water column. After the first onset, deep convection occurs intermittently for a few days. The sinking of the mixed layer water occurs in a thermal-like shape, and its amount is 41~84% of the time-integrated Ekman transport when θ m ~ 3°C while it decreases to less than 10% for θ m lower than 1.5°C. The present process can explain 30% of the amount of deep water renewal which is expected from the observation in Lake Baikal.

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“…A fraction of the plumes (filaments) can thus travel from one plate to the other along the lateral side walls and transport heat. Among the first who investigated their typical vertical structure in experiments are Spangenberg and Rowland [95] and later Sparrow, Husar and Goldstein [96]. Figure 3 shows a plume visualization made for convection in air at Ra = 1.3 × 10 10 in the boundary layer of the Barrel of Ilmenau.…”

Section: Thermal Plumes and Streamwise Streaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

New perspectives in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

2012

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Abstract. Recent experimental, numerical and theoretical advances in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection are presented. Particular emphasis is given to the physics and structure of the thermal and velocity boundary layers which play a key role for the better understanding of the turbulent transport of heat and momentum in convection at high and very high Rayleigh numbers. We also discuss important extensions of Rayleigh-Bénard convection such as non-Oberbeck-Boussinesq effects and convection with phase changes.

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Observations and other characteristics of thermals

Cited by 209 publications

References 3 publications

Interaction of rising and sinking mantle plumes

Interaction of rising and sinking mantle plumes

Deep convection in a lake triggered by wind: Two-dimensional numerical experiments with a nonhydrostatic model

New perspectives in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

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