Observations and modeling of seismic background noise

Peterson, Jon

doi:10.3133/ofr93322

Cited by 1,068 publications

(1,044 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…7. Also shown for comparison are the NLNM and NHNM curves from PETERSON (1993). The IDC2010_LS and NLNM curves are in good agreement, particularly in the low noise case.…”

Section: Seismicmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The microseismic peak is slightly elevated in the IDC2010_HS model compared to the NHNM model, which is found to be due largely to station BORG (Borgarfjordur, Asbjarnarstadir, Iceland). This station commenced operation in 1994, so it would not have contributed to the PETERSON (1993) analysis. Waveform data for stations BORG was computed each hour for the entire year to better resolve its contribution to the IDC2010_HS model.…”

Section: Seismicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The IDC Seismic, Hydroacoustic and Infrasound Global Low and High Noise Models

Brown¹,

Ceranna

Prior³

et al. 2012

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-The International Data Centre (IDC) in Vienna, Austria, is determining, as part of automatic processing, sensor noise levels for all seismic, hydroacoustic, and infrasound (SHI) stations in the International Monitoring System (IMS) operated by the Provisional Technical Secretariat of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO). Sensor noise is being determined several times per day as a power spectral density (PSD) using the Welch overlapping method. Based on accumulated PSD statistics a probability density function (PDF) is also determined, from which low and high noise curves for each sensor are extracted. Global low and high noise curves as a function of frequency for each of the SHI technologies are determined as the minimum and maximum of the individual station low and high noise curves, respectively, taken over the entire network of contributing stations. An attempt is made to ensure that only correctly calibrated station data contributes to the global noise models by additionally considering various automatic detection statistics. In this paper global low and high noise curves for 2010 are presented for each of the SHI monitoring technologies. Except for a very slight deviation at the microseism peak, the seismic global low noise model returns identically the PETERSON (1993) NLNM low noise curve. The global infrasonic low noise model is found to agree with that of BOWMAN et al. (2005BOWMAN et al. ( , 2007 but disagrees with the revised results presented in BOWMAN et al. (2009) by a factor of 2 in the calculation of the PSD. The global hydroacoustic low and high noise curves are found to be in quantitative agreement with Urick's oceanic ambient noise curves for light to heavy shipping. Whale noise is found to be a feature of the hydroacoustic high noise curves at around 15 and 25 Hz.

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“…7. Also shown for comparison are the NLNM and NHNM curves from PETERSON (1993). The IDC2010_LS and NLNM curves are in good agreement, particularly in the low noise case.…”

Section: Seismicmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Seismicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The IDC Seismic, Hydroacoustic and Infrasound Global Low and High Noise Models

Brown¹,

Ceranna

Prior³

et al. 2012

Pure Appl. Geophys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Peterson et al (1993). A good operating environment, such as the Black Forest Observatory deep underground in a mine in Germany, is hundreds of meters below wind and pressure noise sources and has temperature variations of <5 mK, e.g.…”

Section: The Need Of a Noise Model For Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Noise Model of the SEIS Seismometer of the InSight Mission to Mars

et al. 2017

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The SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structures) instrument on board the InSight mission to Mars is the critical instrument for determining the interior structure of Mars, the current level of tectonic activity and the meteorite flux. Meeting the performance requirements of the SEIS instrument is vital to successfully achieve these mission objectives. The InSight noise model is a key tool for the InSight mission and SEIS instrument requirement setup. It will also be used for future operation planning. This paper presents the analyses made to build a model of the Martian seismic noise as measured by the SEIS seismometer, around the seismic bandwidth of the instrument (from 0.01 Hz to 1 Hz). It includes the instrument self-noise, but also the environment parameters that impact the measurements. We present the general approach for the model determination, the environment assumptions, and we analyze the major and minor contributors to the noise model.

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“…In general, cultural sources are related to high frequencies showing daily, weekly or seasonal periodicities. Peterson (1993) collected noise spectra from a variety of stations spread around the world and showed that they are bounded by a minimum and a maximum spectral models. Thus, the larger amplitudes are detected at very low frequencies with peaks close to semi-diurnal and diurnal periods, and an additional peak is observed in the microseismic band (1-20 s) getting the maximum between 2 and 10 s (0.1-0.5 Hz).…”

Section: Background Seismic Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It shows a power spectrum that depends on external sources and the site properties (e.g. Peterson 1993), whereas the power spectrum of white noise is expected to be flat because all frequencies have a similar probability of occurrence (e.g. Buttkus 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site effect determination using seismic noise from Tungurahua volcano (Ecuador): implications for seismo-acoustic analysis

Palacios

Kendall²,

Mader³

2015

Geophysical Journal International

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University of Bristol -Explore Bristol Research General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. S U M M A R YScattering and refractions that occur in the heterogenous near-surface beneath seismic stations can strongly affect the relative amplitudes recorded by three-component seismometers. Using data from Tungurahua volcano we have developed a procedure to correct these 'site effects'. We show that seismic noise signals store site information, and then use their normalized spectral amplitudes as site frequency response functions. The process does not require a reference station (as per the S-wave and coda methods) or assume that the vertical amplitude is constant (the H/V component ratio method). Correcting the site effects has three consequences on data analysis: (1) improvement of the seismic source location and its energy estimation; (2) identification of a strong influence on the volcanic acoustic seismic ratio (VASR) and (3) decoupling the air wave impact on the ground caused by explosions or eruption jets. We show how site effect corrections improve the analysis of an eruption jet on 2006 July 14-15, appearing two periods of strong acoustic energy release and a progressive increase of the seismic energy, reaching the maximum before finishing the eruption.

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Observations and modeling of seismic background noise

Cited by 1,068 publications

References 20 publications

The IDC Seismic, Hydroacoustic and Infrasound Global Low and High Noise Models

The IDC Seismic, Hydroacoustic and Infrasound Global Low and High Noise Models

The Noise Model of the SEIS Seismometer of the InSight Mission to Mars

Site effect determination using seismic noise from Tungurahua volcano (Ecuador): implications for seismo-acoustic analysis

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