Observation-to-Imitate Plus Practice Could Add Little to Physical Therapy Benefits Within 31 Days of Stroke

Cowles, Tracy; Clark, Allan; Mares, Kathryn; Peryer, Guy; Stuck, Rebecca A.; Pomeroy, Valerie M.

doi:10.1177/1545968312452470

Cited by 53 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…An additional 18 studies [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] were excluded because they did not have a PEDro score of at least 6. Eleven studies [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] were excluded because there was no dosematched control intervention, for comparison with the experimental intervention. Two studies were excluded because the clinical assessments were not masked, or this was not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rehabilitation is Initiated Early After Stroke, but Most Motor Rehabilitation Trials Are Not

Stinear

Ackerley

Byblow

2013

Stroke

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rehabilitation is Initiated Early After Stroke, but Most Motor Rehabilitation Trials Are Not

Stinear

Ackerley

Byblow

2013

Stroke

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“…The two major forms of neurorehabilitation of the paretic arm in chronic stroke based on motor-learning principles are CIMT, and robotics. There are other learning-based approaches, which include action observation [57,58], bilateral priming [59], Arm Ability Training [60], electromyography (EMG)-triggered neuromuscular stimulation [61], and virtual reality [62]. We will not cover these other approaches here in any detail because they have received less experimental attention and because the principles that will be discussed here, in our view, apply to them to a large degree.…”

Section: Motor Learning In Chronic Stroke: It's All About Compensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The applicability of motor learning to neurorehabilitation

Krakauer¹

2015

Oxford Textbook of Neurorehabilitation

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Rehabilitation is a form of directed training and is therefore predicated on the idea that patients respond to such training by learning. Current concepts in motor learning are reviewed. Recovery is not synonymous with re-learning and that it is important to be specific about what learning mechanism is being targeted by any given therapy. There is a unique milieu of heightened plasticity post-stroke that is responsible for reduction in impairment both through spontaneous biological recovery and increased responsiveness to training. In the chronic phase of stroke, plasticity returns to normal levels and learning for the most part only leads to task-specific compensation. Thus, new forms of intervention may have quite distinct effects depending on whether they are initiated in the sensitive period after stroke or in the chronic phase. It is to be hoped that new pharmacological and non-invasive brain stimulation approaches will allow the post-stroke sensitive period to be augmented, extended, and re-opened.

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“…In rehabilitation, observing actions made by another individual, among other related approaches, can be used to promote activation of damaged motor circuits. While several small-scale clinical studies have found benefits from action observation after stroke 8 , success has been mixed 9 . Our proof-of-concept study was designed to address the lack of basic studies on the neural response to action observation after stroke.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modulating the Motor System by Action Observation After Stroke

Garrison

Aziz‐Zadeh

Wong

et al. 2013

Stroke

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Background and Purpose Much recent interest surrounds the use of action observation – observing another individual performing a motor task – in stroke rehabilitation, to promote motor recovery by engaging similar brain regions to action execution. This may be especially useful in individuals with limited mobility. Here we assess how cortical motor activity during action observation is affected by stroke and by stroke-related motor deficits. Methods We used fMRI to compare brain activity during right and left hand action observation in right-handed non-disabled participants and participants who were right-handed prior to left hemisphere stroke. All participants performed the same actions after their fMRI. Results Non-disabled participants show greater bilateral cortical motor activity when observing actions made using the left hand, whereas participants with stroke show greater ipsilesional cortical motor activity when observing actions made using the right (paretic) hand (p<.05, corrected). For both groups, action processing is modulated by motor capability: cortical motor activity is greater when observing the hand with lower motor scores (p<.05, corrected). Further, for stroke, the extent of ipsilesional activity correlates with lesion volume (p=.049), in a pattern that suggests adaptive plasticity. Conclusions We found that action observation activates specific motor plans in damaged motor circuits after stroke, and this activity is related to motor capability to perform the same actions. Cortical motor activity during action observation may be relevant to motor learning, and to motor relearning in stroke rehabilitation.

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Observation-to-Imitate Plus Practice Could Add Little to Physical Therapy Benefits Within 31 Days of Stroke

Abstract: These findings suggest that OTI + PP might add little to the benefits of CPT early after stroke.

Cited by 53 publications

References 44 publications

Rehabilitation is Initiated Early After Stroke, but Most Motor Rehabilitation Trials Are Not

Rehabilitation is Initiated Early After Stroke, but Most Motor Rehabilitation Trials Are Not

The applicability of motor learning to neurorehabilitation

Modulating the Motor System by Action Observation After Stroke

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