Observation of ultra-narrow electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light using purely electronic spins in a hot atomic vapor

Goldfarb, Fabienne; Ghosh, Joyee; David, Marie-Claude; Ruggiero, J.; Chanelière, Thierry; Gouët, J.-L. Le; Gilles, H.; Ghosh, R.; Bretenaker, Fabien

doi:10.1209/0295-5075/82/54002

Europhys. Lett.

2008

DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/82/54002

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Observation of ultra-narrow electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light using purely electronic spins in a hot atomic vapor

Fabienne Goldfarb

Joyee Ghosh

Marie-Claude David

et al.

Abstract: Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is observed in gaseous 4 He at room temperature. Ultra-narrow (less than 10 kHz) EIT windows are obtained for the first time for purely electronic spins in the presence of Doppler broadening. The positive role of collisions is emphasized through measurements of the power dependence of the EIT resonance. Measurement of slow light opens up possible ways to applications.

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Cited by 39 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…This value is consistent with measurements of the evolution of the width of the EIT transparency window with respect to the coupling power [21], that give Γ R /2π 14 kHz. This is broader than the few kHz that we had previously recorded [25], as expected from the fact that we now have reduced beam diameters down to 3 mm, thus decreasing the transit time.…”

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confidence: 90%

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Observation and measurement of an extra phase shift created by optically detuned light storage in metastable helium

Maynard¹,

Labidi²,

Mukhtar³

et al. 2014

EPL

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Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metastable helium at room temperature is experimentally shown to exhibit light storage capabilities for intermediate values of the detuning between the coupling and probe beams and the center of the atomic Doppler profiles. An additional phase shift is shown to be imposed to the retrieved pulse of light when the EIT protocol is performed at non-zero optical detunings. The value of this phase shift is measured for different optical detunings between 0 and 2 GHz, and its origin is discussed. Since the discovery of coherent population trapping (CPT) [1,2] and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) 15 years later [3], different applications of these phenomena were found, ranging from atom cooling [4] to the decrease of group velocities down to a few meters per second [5,6]. This led to the well-known stored light experiments that were performed using EIT in various systems such as cold atoms, gas cells, or doped crystals [7][8][9].The EIT-based storage protocol relies on the long-lived Raman coherence between the two fundamental states of a Λ system, where two ground levels are optically coupled to the same excited level. When a strong coupling beam is applied on one of the two transitions, a narrow transparency window limited by the Raman coherence decay rate is opened along the other leg of the Λ system. Because of the slow-light effect associated with such a dramatic change of the absorption properties of the medium, a weak probe pulse that excites the second transition is compressed when it propagates inside the medium. When it is fully inside this medium, the coupling beam can be suddenly switched off and the signal is then mapped onto the Raman coherences that were excited by the two photon process. Finally, the signal pulse can be simply retrieved by switching on the coupling beam again.Atoms at room temperature in a gas cell are particularly attractive for light storage because of the simplicity of their implementation. However, the significant Doppler broadening has to be considered and might be expected to place a strong limitation. Its effect can nevertheless be minimized using co-propagating coupling and probe beams, and easy-of-use simple gas cells have thus turned out to be attractive for slow or even stopped light experiments [10]. The atoms preferably used for such experiments are alkali atoms, mainly rubidium and sometimes sodium or caesium. Experimental achievements * Electronic address: fabienne.goldfarb@u-psud.fr have shown that squeezing can be preserved after slowing down or storage by EIT at optical resonance in an alkali cell at room temperature [11,12], and the same phenomenon was used to store and retrieve LaguerreGaussian modes [13] [12,14,19].In the present paper we present experimental results obtained not with alkali but with metastable helium atoms at room temperature. We could explore EIT-based light storage in the intermediate detuning regime, i. e., with coupling and probe beams slightly optically detuned from the center of D...

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supporting

confidence: 90%

“…It has previously been shown that it can exhibit very narrow EIT resonances with a kilohertz linewidth, leading to dramatic changes in the group velocity of the probe beam [21,22]. Such results are extremely promising when it comes to storage experiments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Observation and measurement of an extra phase shift created by optically detuned light storage in metastable helium

Maynard¹,

Labidi²,

Mukhtar³

et al. 2014

EPL

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“…Here the optical coherence decay rate Γ is replaced by the Doppler width [18,19]. One roughly observes three different regimes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coherent Population Oscillation-Based Light Storage

et al. 2017

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We theoretically study the propagation and storage of a classical field in a Λ-type atomic medium using coherent population oscillations (CPOs). We show that the propagation eigenmodes strongly relate to the different CPO modes of the system. Light storage in such modes is discussed by introducing a "populariton" quantity, a mixture of populations and field, by analogy to the dark state polariton used in the context of electromagnetically induced transparency light storage protocol. As experimentally shown, this memory relies on populations and is then -by contrast with usual Raman coherence optical storage protocols -robust to dephasing effects.PACS numbers: 42.50. Gy, 42.25.Bs, 42.50.Md The architectures proposed to implement optical quantum information and communication protocols generally rely on quantum memories, i.e. devices able to store quantum states of light and retrieve them on demand with high fidelity and efficiency [1]. Within the last decade, much effort has been put towards their implementation in solid-state systems, ion or neutral atomic ensembles. In this context, Λ-type three-level atomic systems have received particular attention since the coherence between the ground states may have a long lifetime and can, thus, be used for storage [2,3]. In gas cells, high efficiencies were obtained in alkalimetal atoms [4] using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) close to [5] or far off optical resonance [6], gradient echo memories [7], or four-wave mixing [8]. Since all these methods are based on the excitation of the Raman coherence between the lower states of the system, they are sensitive to decoherence effects. Recently, it was experimentally shown that coherent population oscillations (CPOs) can be used as a storage medium for light. Experimental demonstrations were performed using metastable helium (He*) vapor at room temperature [9], as well as in cold and warm cesium [10,11]. CPOs occur in a two-level system when two detuned coherent electric fields of different amplitudes drive the same transition. When the detuning between the fields is smaller than the decay rate of the upper level, the dynamics of the saturation opens a transparency window in the absorption profile of the weak field [12][13][14]. The CPO resonance width may be decreased when the upper level decays to a long-lived shelving state, leading to an ultranarrow CPO resonance and a memory behavior [15]. Another option is to use a Λ-system where two CPOs may occur in opposite phase on the two transitions, leading to a global CPO between the two lower states [16]. This implies an ultranarrow transmission resonance for the weak field broadened by the ground states' decay rate, which can be used for storage [9][10][11]. Since it involves only populations, CPO-based light storage protocol is robust to dephasing effects, by contrast with the EIT-based protocol which involves Raman coherence. In this Letter, we theoretically explore the Λ-system option. First, we study the propagation of a weak signal field in the medium. We...

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“…Metastable helium is well known to exhibit a pure three-level Λ system when excited at 1.083 µm between the 2 3 S 1 and 2 3 P 1 energy levels using circularly polarized light. In these conditions, narrow EIT windows can be obtained [17]. Light The frequencies ω C,P and Rabi frequencies Ω C,P of our coupling and probe beams are driven by two acoustooptic modulators (AOs).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that the finesse of the cavity in the presence of EIT (black curve of Fig. 2) is smaller than without the atoms is due to the residual absorption of the atoms [17,18]. In order to measure τ cav for this cavity, one slowly scans its length and turns off the probe beam using AO 1 when it reaches resonance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon lifetime in a cavity containing a slow-light medium

et al. 2011

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We investigate experimentally the lifetime of the photons in a cavity containing a medium exhibiting strong positive dispersion. This intracavity positive dispersion is provided by a metastable helium gas at room temperature in the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) regime, in which light propagates at a group velocity of the order of 10 4 m.s −1 . The results definitely prove that the lifetime of the cavity photons is governed by the group velocity of light in the cavity, and not its phase velocity.

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Observation of ultra-narrow electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light using purely electronic spins in a hot atomic vapor

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Observation and measurement of an extra phase shift created by optically detuned light storage in metastable helium

Observation and measurement of an extra phase shift created by optically detuned light storage in metastable helium

Coherent Population Oscillation-Based Light Storage

Photon lifetime in a cavity containing a slow-light medium

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