Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

Zhang, Yan-Qiu; Xiong, Shao-Lin; Mao, Ji-Rong; Zhang, Shuang-Nan; Xue, Wang-Chen; Zheng, Chao; Liu, Jia-Cong; Zhang, Zhen; Wang, Xi-Lu; Ge, Ming-Yu; Yi, Shu-Xu; Song, Li-Ming; An, Zheng-Hua; Cai, Ce; Li, Xin-Qiao; Peng, Wen-Xi; Tan, Wen-Jun; Wang, Chen-Wei; Wen, Xiang-Yang; Wang, Yue; Xiao, Shuo; Zhang, Fan; Zhang, Peng; Zheng, Shi-Jie

doi:10.1007/s11433-023-2381-0

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

2024

DOI: 10.1007/s11433-023-2381-0

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Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

Yan-Qiu Zhang,

Shao-Lin Xiong,

Ji-Rong Mao

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

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Progress of GECAM Observation Research

WANG,

ZHANG,

XIONG

et al. 2024

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Progress of GECAM Observation Research

WANG,

ZHANG,

XIONG

et al. 2024

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A Novel Model for the MeV Emission Line in GRB 221009A

Wei 魏,

Ren 任,

He 贺

et al. 2024

ApJL

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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have long been considered potential sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs; with energy ≳1018 eV). In this work, we propose a novel model generating MeV emission lines in GRBs, which can constrain the properties of heavy nuclei that potentially exist in GRB jets. Specifically, we find that relativistic hydrogen-like high-atomic-number ions originating from the β decay of unstable nuclei and/or the recombination entrained in the GRB jet can generate narrow MeV emission lines through the de-excitation of excited electrons. This model can successfully explain the MeV emission line observed in the most luminous GRB ever recorded, GRB 221009A, with suitable parameters including a Lorentz factor γ ∼ 820–1700 and a total mass of heavy nuclei M tot ∼ 1023–1026 g. Especially, the emission line broadening can be reasonably attributed to both the expansion of the jet shell and the thermal motion of nuclei, naturally resulting in a narrow width (σ line/E line ≲ 0.2) consistent with the observation. Furthermore, we predict that different GRBs can exhibit lines in different bands with various evolving behaviors, which might be confirmed with further observations. Finally, our model provides indirect evidence that GRBs may be one of the sources of UHECRs.

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Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

Progress of GECAM Observation Research

Progress of GECAM Observation Research

A Novel Model for the MeV Emission Line in GRB 221009A

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