Observation of self-trapping and rotation of higher-band gap solitons in two-dimensional photonic lattices

Abstract

We demonstrate self-trapping and rotation of higher-band dipole and quadruple-like gap solitons by single-site excitation in a two-dimensional square photonic lattice under self-focusing nonlinearity. Experimental results show that the second-band dipole gap solitons reside in the first photonic (Bragg reflection) gap, whereas the quadruple-like gap solitons are formed in an even higher photonic gap, resulting from modes of the third-band. Moreover, both dipole and quadruple-like gap solitons exhibit dynamical rotation around the lattice principle axes and the direction of rotation is changing periodically during propagation, provided that they are excited under appropriate initial conditions. In the latter case, the nonlinear rotation is accompanied by periodic transitions between quadruple and doubly-charged vortex states. Our numerical simulations find good agreement with the experimental observations.

Observation of dipolar transport in one-dimensional photonic lattices

“…After three different experiments, we validate the use of model ( 1) as a good theoretical description to study the dynamics of fundamental and dipolar modes in a first-band environment. Extension to hybrid interactions, higher dimensions, and nonlinear effects [21,22,23,39,40,41,42,43] are interesting extensions to be explored in detail in the future. Our experimental results may open up a new window to perform p-orbital quantum simulations using photons.…”