Observation of Psychoactive Substance Consumption: Methods and Results of the French OPPIDUM Programme

Thirion, Xavier; Micallef, Joëlle; Barrau, K.; Djezzar, Samira; Sanmarco, J L; Lagier, G

doi:10.1159/000050711

Cited by 53 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…• Annual patients surveys in specialized addiction care centers: the aim of OPPIDUM (for abuse of lawful and unlawful psychotropic drugs, ‘Observation des Produits Psychotropes Illicites ou Détournés de leur Utilisation Médicamenteuse’) is to survey products used by drug addicts who consult physicians in outpatient specialized care centers for drug addicts during the month of the study [11,12]. Consumption data are self-reported and anonymously collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow-Release Oral Morphine Sulfate Abuse: Results of the Postmarketing Surveillance Systems for Psychoactive Prescription Drug Abuse in France

Peyrière

Eiden²,

Micallef³

et al. 2013

Eur Addict Res

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Background: Few data are available concerning the diversion and abuse of morphine sulfate. In France, morphine sulfate abuse is currently investigated by the health authorities. The aim of our study was to provide data on morphine sulfate abuse in France, collected during the period 1996–2011. Methods: The French monitoring system for psychoactive medication abuse collected data from several sources: spontaneous reporting of cases of abuse or dependence (NotS; ‘Notifications Spontanées’), specific periodic surveys from specialized care centers (OPPIDUM; ‘Observation des Produits Psychotropes Illicites ou Détournés de leur Utilisation Médicamenteuse’), and community pharmacists (OSIAP; ‘Ordonnances Suspectes Indicateur d’Abus Possible’). Results: A total of 649 cases (75% men, median age: 34 years) were spontaneously reported: 578 cases of abuse and 71 cases of use as opiate maintenance treatment. The medication formulation was Skenan^® (614 cases), and Moscontin^® (35 cases). All surveys (NotS, OPPIDUM, and OSIAP) showed an overrepresentation of Skenan^® (87.9–94.6% of cases) that was intravenously injected in 60.4–61.2% of the cases. Data analysis showed that patients abusing morphine sulfate have a long history of drug abuse and a history of polydrug use. Conclusion: All the data presented in this study highlight the level of morphine sulfate abuse, specify the modalities of use (intravenous route), and show the risks associated with abuse (infectious diseases). This study outlines the usefulness of our epidemiological tools, and provides evidence supporting intensive surveillance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow-Release Oral Morphine Sulfate Abuse: Results of the Postmarketing Surveillance Systems for Psychoactive Prescription Drug Abuse in France

Peyrière

Eiden²,

Micallef³

et al. 2013

Eur Addict Res

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“…However, the main limitation of data assessing the prevalence of buprenorphine misuse is the heterogeneity of recruited subjects. This is especially true for studies from the OPPIDUM survey [44,45]. Although data from this annual survey are of great interest, generalization is particularly difficult on the issues of buprenorphine abuse and misuse.…”

Section: Diversion and Abuse Related To Buprenorphinementioning

confidence: 99%

Why buprenorphine is so successful in treating opiate addiction in France

Fatséas¹,

Auriacombe²

2007

Curr Psychiatry Rep

124

100

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In France, all registered medical doctors have been allowed to prescribe buprenorphine without any special education or licensing since 1995. This has led to a rapidly increasing number of opiate-dependent users under buprenorphine treatment in primary care. French physician compensation mechanisms, pharmacy services, and medical insurance funding all have contributed to minimizing barriers to buprenorphine treatment. Approximately 20% of all physicians in France are prescribing buprenorphine to treat more than one half of the estimated 180,000 problem heroin users. Intravenous diversion of buprenorphine may occur in up to 20% of buprenorphine patients and has led to relatively rare overdoses in combination with sedatives, whereas total opiate overdose deaths have declined substantially. In France, buprenorphine maintenance treatment for problem opiate users was feasible and safe through office-based prescriptions in a relaxed regulatory environment.

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“…The method, and its application to the field of addiction monitoring for the purpose of responding to different issues have been widely described in the literature. [10][11][12] In the OPPIDUM survey conducted in 2013, tramadol accounted for only 0.17% of the reports overall (cited 18 times by 18 individuals out of a total of 10727 reports for substances as a whole). The proportion however doubled between 2010 and 2013.…”

Section: The Oppidum Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Abuse and Dependence in Addiction Monitoring Systems: Tramadol as an example

et al. 2015

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-The objective of this paper is to present an evaluation of the potential for abuse of and dependence on a drug from the data obtained from the different pharmacoepidemiological tools used by the French network for evaluation and information on pharmacodependence and addiction monitoring taking the example of tramadol. Comparison of the data from spontaneous reports with surveys in specific populations and with evaluations of indicators of diverted uses does not highlight a major problem of tramadol abuse and dependence in terms of public health, but stresses the importance of paying attention to the signal. This example of addiction monitoring of tramadol illustrates the interest of comparing results obtained from different validated sources. The implementation of repeated observational programs of abuse of and dependence on psychoactive drugs is an important aid to health authorities to define the content of the information to be delivered or regulatory decisions to reduce these problematic uses.Abbreviations: see end of article.

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Observation of Psychoactive Substance Consumption: Methods and Results of the French OPPIDUM Programme

Cited by 53 publications

References 10 publications

Slow-Release Oral Morphine Sulfate Abuse: Results of the Postmarketing Surveillance Systems for Psychoactive Prescription Drug Abuse in France

Slow-Release Oral Morphine Sulfate Abuse: Results of the Postmarketing Surveillance Systems for Psychoactive Prescription Drug Abuse in France

Why buprenorphine is so successful in treating opiate addiction in France

Evaluation of Abuse and Dependence in Addiction Monitoring Systems: Tramadol as an example

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