Observation of prolonged power transients in a reconfigurable multiwavelength network and their suppression by gain-clamping of optical amplifiers

Yoo, Seung‐Min; Wei, Xin; Garratt, L.D.; Young, J.; Ellinas, Georgios; Chiao, Jung-Chih; Rauch, Michael; Baran, J. E.; Meagher, B.; LeBlanc, H. P.; Chang, Gee‐Kung

doi:10.1109/68.726782

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A combination of the signal propagation delay and channel cross-coupling might result in the transmission power disturbances propagating across the network in closed loops and causing lasting power oscillations. Such oscillations were observed experimentally [9]. Additionally, the transmission power and amplifier gain transients can be excited by changes in the average signal power because of the network traffic burstliness [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The closed-loop propagation of the transients might lead to sustained oscillations of the optical signal power. Such oscillations were observed experimentally [9]. It is important to foresee possibility of such oscillations when designing a network and avoid them for all possible working regimes and switched circuit configurations.…”

Section: Modeling Transients In a Wdm Networkmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This means our analysis is most relevant for these future networks. As an example consider the WDM network described in [9]. Lasting oscillations of the transmission power were experimentally observed in this network and attributed to the cross coupling and disturbance propagation through the closed loops.…”

Section: Analysis Approach Recap and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

System Analysis of Power Transients in Advanced WDM Networks

Gorinevsky

Farber

2004

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper considers dynamical transient effects in the physical layer of an optical circuitswitched WDM network. These transients of the average transmission power have millisecond time scales. Instead of studying detailed nonlinear dynamics of the network elements, such as optical line amplifiers, a linearized model of the dynamics around a given steady state is considered. System-level analysis in this paper uses modern control theory methods and handles nonlinearity as uncertainty. The analysis translates requirements on the network performance into the requirements to the network elements. These requirements involve a few gross measures of performance for network elements and do not depend on the circuit switching state. One such performance measure is the worst amplification gain for all harmonic disturbances of the average transmission power. Another, is cross coupling of the wavelength channel power variations. The derived requirements guarantee system-level performance for all network configurations and can be used for specifying optical components and subsystems.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Modeling Transients In a Wdm Networkmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

System Analysis of Power Transients in Advanced WDM Networks

Gorinevsky

Farber

2004

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recently, softwaredefined networking (SDN)-based on a centralized controller (e.g., NOX [6]) emerged. While the main concept of SDN is surprisingly similar to reconfigurable Multi-wavelength Optical NETworking pursued by the MONET consortium involving telecom companies in 1993-1999 [7] in separating the control plane from the data plane, and in offering hardware-independent software-defined programmable network elements, the OpenFlow-based SDN benefits from open source codes, in contrast to the fact that GMPLS is usually deployed in closed systems. SDN requires virtualization of networking resources, and it can benefit greatly from elasticity in networking resources in temporal, spectral, and spatial domains.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Software defined elastic optical networking in temporal, spectral, and spatial domains

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper discusses architecture, protocol, technologies, systems, and networking testbed for softwaredefined elastic optical networking in temporal, spectral, and spatial domains. By exploiting the progress in elastic optical networking (EON) in temporal and spectral domains utilizing dynamic optical arbitrary waveform generation and measurement technologies, and by extending the EON concept into the spatial domain through the new orbital angular momentum-based spatial division multiplexing, we realize EON exploiting elasticity in temporal, spectral, and spatial domains (3D-EON). Routing, spectral, spatial mode, and modulation format assignment with fragmentation awareness as well as hitless defragmentation for high capacity, high quality of service, and resource-efficient networking will be pursued. OpenFlow-based 3D-EON testbed at UC Davis includes optical supervisory channel with optical performance monitoring for software-defined networking with an adaptive observe-analyze-act cycle.

show abstract

“…The control and impact of such gain transients have been extensively studied [3]- [5]. In networks, rather than maintaining constant output power in the EDFAs, the total gain can be kept constant to prevent instabilities associated with strong channel power coupling due to constant power operation [6]. However, changes in the loading conditions can still result in wavelength-dependent transient and steady-state gain variations on the surviving channels [7], [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Constant Gain Amplification in Circulating Loop Experiments

Smyth

Kilper²,

Chandrasekhar³

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The reconfiguration of channel or wavelength routes in optically transparent mesh networks can lead to deviations in channel power that may impact transmission performance. A new experimental approach, applied constant gain, is used to maintain constant gain in a circulating loop enabling the study of gain error effects on long-haul transmission under reconfigured channel loading. Using this technique we examine a number of channel configurations and system tuning operations for both full-span dispersion-compensated and optimized dispersion-managed systems. For each system design, large power divergence was observed with a maximum of 15 dB at 2240 km, when switching was implemented without additional system tuning. For a bit error rate of 10 3 , the maximum number of loop circulations was reduced by up to 33%.Index Terms-Applied constant gain, circulating loop, EDFA gain dynamics, erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), reconfigurable WDM networks, simulated constant gain, optically transparent mesh networks, WDM channel power deviation.

show abstract

Observation of prolonged power transients in a reconfigurable multiwavelength network and their suppression by gain-clamping of optical amplifiers

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

System Analysis of Power Transients in Advanced WDM Networks

System Analysis of Power Transients in Advanced WDM Networks

Software defined elastic optical networking in temporal, spectral, and spatial domains

Applied Constant Gain Amplification in Circulating Loop Experiments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About