Observation of ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency with atomic optical lattices near a nanofiber

Abstract

Tapered nanofiber is an efficient tool for enhancing light-matter interactions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in one-dimensional atomic lattices near an optical nanofiber (ONF). A typical EIT signal is well fitted from experimental data according to a semiclassical model and implies a transmission nearly 35%. We investigate the dependence of EIT transmission on the coupling power and its saturation condition. In addition, we show a large fraction of the transmission spectral broadening is induced by lattice effects. Our results may pave the road towards generating correlations and entanglement through four-wave mixing with ONFs, which may facilitate the realization of efficient quantum optical networks.

Composite picosecond control of atomic state through a nanofiber interface

“…We thus expect robust implementation of the N = 5 composite sequence to e.g. arrays of trapped atoms through the ONF interface [3,34,53]. Furthermore, as illustrated in Fig.…”

“…We propose to achieve high precision nanophotonic control of atomic states by implementing a class of composite control schemes [31,32] with arrays of picosecond pulses [33]. We demonstrate numerically that despite the near-field inhomogenuity, atomic state control with f > 99% fidelity can be uniformly achieved for confined atoms [3,34] through evanescent coupling. The projected sub-wavelength scale, nearly perfect atomic state control should therefore open various opportunities in nonlinear quantum optics at the nanophotonic interfaces.…”

“…We consider the specific example of the ONF interface illustrated in Fig. 1, where the D1 transition of proximate 85 Rb atoms is controlled by transform-limited picosecond pulses of λ c = 795 nm light guided through a step-index silica nanofiber [34] in the fundamental HE 11 mode (Appendix A) [2]. At a d = 500 nm fiber diameter, about 20% of the light power propagates evanescently in vacuum to interact with atoms.…”

“…We come back to the N = 5 scheme [31] in Fig. 1 and consider a 1D lattice gas trapped near ONF [3,34,53]. Following the |g − |a inversion, another N = 5 composite pulse sending from the opposite direction can drive a return of the atomic ground state population.…”

Dark state atoms trapping in a magic-wavelength optical lattice near the nanofiber surface

“…In this respect, a tapered optical nanofiber provides an ideal platform. The strong confinement evanescent field near the nanofiber improves atom-light coupling and allows atomic trapping near the nanofiber surface [12][13][14] . In recent years, twocolor trappings including a state-insensitive nanofiber trap for atoms have been realized [15][16][17] .…”