Observation of High Pressure Fuel Spray with Laser Light Sheet Method

Nishida, M.; Nakahira, Toshio; Komori, Masanori; Tsujimura, Kinji; Yamaguchi, Ikuo

doi:10.4271/920459

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It was observed that increasing the injection pressure improved the combustion characteristics and reduced some gaseous emissions, but increased the noise level and NO x emissions. Moreover, increasing the injection pressure can also make the fuel density distribution in the spray more homogeneous and increase the intensity of turbulence, resulting in improved fuel-air mixing [15][16][17]. Nehmer et al [18] and Tow et al [19] calculated the effect of the injection rate and multiple injections on the exhaust emissions of a diesel engine, concluding that pulsed injection could provide a means to reduce NO x emissions through a controlled pressure rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fuel injection strategy on combustion performance and NOx/smoke trade-off under a range of operating conditions for a heavy-duty DI diesel engine

Fayad

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

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The combustion process and exhaust emissions of a conventional diesel engine can be improved by manipulating the injection strategy (timing and pressure) without modification of the design. In this work, the influence of the injection strategy on the NO x emissions and smoke level was investigated experimentally for a heavy-duty diesel engine operated using diesel fuel. Different injection timings and pressures were applied to produce a variety of engine-out emission levels over different engine operating conditions. The experimental results revealed that retarding the fuel injection timing enhanced the fuel economy by reducing the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). In addition, the NO x emissions were also reduced by retarding the injection timing at different engine speeds and loads. For the tested operating conditions, the NO x emissions and BSFC were lower at low engine speed and high engine load, in particular at 1200 rpm and full load (100%), respectively. The results of the experimental work indicated that the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with retarded injection timings at various engine speeds. Also, the BTE was higher at low engine speed (1800 rpm) and for different injection timings. Besides, the smoke level was improved for retarded injection timing and low engine speed. Lower exhaust smoke opacity was obtained at high injection pressure compared with low injection pressure for different engine test conditions. Use of the control engine operating conditions and high injection pressure enhanced the exhaust gas temperature and BSFC, but slightly increased the NO x emissions. Keywords Engine performance • Injection pressure • Injection timing • Operating conditions • Nitrogen oxides (NO x) • Emissions • Diesel engine Abbreviations ET Exhaust gas temperature (K) P inj Fuel injection pressure (bar) NO x Nitrogen oxides CO Carbon monoxide HC Hydrocarbon BSFC Brake-specific fuel consumption (g/kWh) bTDC Before top dead center θ Injection advance angle (°, before top dead center) rpm Revolutions per minute N Engine speed

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fuel injection strategy on combustion performance and NOx/smoke trade-off under a range of operating conditions for a heavy-duty DI diesel engine

Fayad

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

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“…The light intensity at the spray tip and spray shell can be enhanced well by the filtering technique. It is clearly observed that there is a branch structure [26] that has also been observed in spark-ignition and diesel-spray research [27]. This branch structure can be understood in terms of preferential concentration [28] and coherent turbulent structure.…”

Section: Spray Imagesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Multi-intensity-layer particle-image velocimetry for spray measurement

Ikeda¹,

Yamada²,

Nakajima³

2000

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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A new particle-image-velocimetry (PIV)-data-processing method called multi-intensity-layer PIV is developed and applied for injector spray analysis. It uses the principle that the light intensity scattered from a small particle is proportional to its diameter squared at a certain angle. The light-intensity information was used to provide diameter information from PIV data. There are two methods of uncertainty analysis: intensity weighted and number-density weighted. The measurement results demonstrated that the droplet dynamics for droplets of various diameters can be described by this multi-intensity-layer PIV, that is, small droplets followed the vortex shearing and highly turbulent flows, whereas larger droplets penetrated the shear flow. It was found that this multi-intensity-layer PIV would be a useful method for describing spatial droplet-spray behaviour in a practical spray diagnostic.

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“…On the other hand, at the tip of the spray the high aerodynamic interaction causes the latter to lose velocity, making the recently injected liquid to reach and pass this slower moving tip, taking its place as the new spray tip and afterwards being slowed down as well by the control volumes surroundings. As well, (Nishida et al, 1992) and (Tinaut et al, 1993) suggest that the velocity of the droplets at the tip is usually slower than in other regions of the spray, so the simple fact that the velocity of the droplets is slower than the velocity of penetration demands a constant droplet renewal in the tip of the spray.…”

Section: Fuel Injection 24mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…To define this zone the use of diverse measurements methods and techniques is of vital importance. In the literature we find some of the most useful measurement methods and techniques in the analysis of the liquid length, (Hiroyasu & Arai, 1990), (Chehroudi et al, 1985), (Arai et al, 1984), (Nishida et al, 1992), (Gülder et al, 1992), (Christoph & Dec, 1995), (Zhang et al, 1997) and (Bermúdez et al, 2002(Bermúdez et al, , 2003.…”

Section: Liquid Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%