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Gammel, P. L.; Bishop, D. J.; Dolan, G. J.; Kwo, J.; Murray, Cherry A.; Schneemeyer, Lynn; Waszczak, J. V.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.59.2592

Cited by 392 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Once there the particles adhere to the surface via weak van der Waals forces, and the sample can be warmed up to room temperature and viewed in a scanning electron microscope without losing the magnetic information. Gammel et al [14] were able to show that the vortices in a YBCO single crystal (T c =92K) formed a well-ordered triangular lattice which was indistinguishable from that observed earlier in conventional superconductors.…”

Section: Experimental Observations Of Vortex Chains In Moderately Animentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The first experimental observation of an ordered Abrikosov flux-line lattice in a hightemperature superconductor was made by the Bitter decoration method [14]. This technique involves cooling the sample in the desired applied field to low temperature (often 4.2K) and then evaporating over it a 'smoke' of ferromagnetic particles of typical diameter 5-10nm.…”

Section: Experimental Observations Of Vortex Chains In Moderately Animentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vortex chains in anisotropic superconductors

Bending¹,

Dodgson²

2005

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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High-cT superconductors in small magnetic fields directed away from the crystal symmetry axes have been found to exhibit inhomogeneous chains of flux lines (vortices), in contrast to the usual regular triangular flux-line lattice. We review the experimental observations of these chains, and summarize the theoretical background that explains their appearance. We treat separately two classes of chains: those that appear in superconductors with moderate anisotropy due to an attractive part of the interaction between tilted flux lines, and those with high anisotropy where the tilted magnetic flux is created by two independent and perpendicular crossing lattices. In the second case it is the indirect attraction between a flux line along the layers (Josephson vortex) and a flux line perpendicular to the layers (pancake vortex stack) that leads to the formation of chains of the pancake vortex stacks. This complex system contains a rich variety of phenomena, with several different equilibrium phases, and an extraordinary dynamic interplay between the two sets of crossing vortices. We compare the theoretical predictions of these phenomena with the experimental observations made to date. We also contrast the different techniques used to make these observations. While it is clear that this system forms a wonderful playground for probing the formation of structures with competing interactions, we conclude that there are important practical implications of the vortex chains that appear in highly anisotropic superconductors.

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Section: Experimental Observations Of Vortex Chains In Moderately Animentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Experimental Observations Of Vortex Chains In Moderately Animentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex chains in anisotropic superconductors

Bending¹,

Dodgson²

2005

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…In particular, the work of Gammel al. 1 and Nelson 2 were important milestones in the field, suggesting for the first time that the Abrikosov vortex lattice might melt well below the zero-field critical temperature. This extension of ideas originally proposed by Eilenberger 3 , has proved to be fruitful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase coherence and the boson analogy of vortex liquids

Nguyen

Sudbø

1998

Phys. Rev. B

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The statistical mechanics of the flux-line lattice in extreme type-II superconductors is studied within the framework of the uniformly frustrated anisotropic three-dimensional XY -model. It is assumed that the externally applied magnetic field is low enough to invalidate the lowest Landaulevel approach to the problem. A finite-field counterpart of an Onsager vortex-loop transition in extreme type-II superconductors renders the vortex liquid phase-incoherent when the Abrikosov vortex lattice undergoes a first order melting transition. For the magnetic fields considered in this paper, corresponding to filling fractions f given by 1/f = 12, 14, 16, 20, 25, 32, 48, 64, 72, 84, 96, 112, and 128, the vortex liquid phase is not describable as a liquid of well-defined field-induced vortex lines. This is due to the proliferation of thermally induced closed vortex-loops with diameters of order the magnetic length in the problem, resulting in a "percolation transition" driven by non-field induced vortices also transverse to the direction of the applied magnetic field. This immediately triggers flux-line lattice melting and loss of phase-coherence along the direction of the magnetic field. Due to this mechanism, the field induced flux lines loose their line tension in the liquid phase, and cannot be considered to be directed or well defined. In a non-relativistic 2D boson-analogy picture, this latter feature would correspond to a vanishing mass of the bosons. Scaling functions for the specific heat are calculated in zero and finite magnetic field. From this we conclude that the critical region is of order 10% of Tc for a mass-anisotropy Mz/M = 3, and increases with increasing mass-anisotropy. The entropy jump at the melting transition is calculated in two ways as a function of magnetic field for a mass-ansitropy slightly lower than that in Y BCO, namely with and without a T -dependent prefactor in the Hamiltonian originating at the microscopic level and surfacing in coarse grained theories such as the one considered in this paper. In the first case, it is found to be ∆S = 0.1kB per pancake-vortex, roughly independent of the magnetic field for the filling fractions considered here. In the second case, we find an enhancement of ∆S by a factor which is less than 2, increasing slightly with decreasing magnetic field. This is still lower than experimental values of ∆S ≈ 0.4kB found experimentally for Y BCO using calorimetric methods. We attribute this to the slightly lower mass-anisotropy used in our simulations. 74.25.Dw, 74.25.Ha,74.60.Ec

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“…However as H → H − c2 , the amplitude |ψ| is suppressed while B grows continuous between vortices, until at H c2 the vortex cores overlap and in the absence of fluctuations a mean-field transition occurs from the Abrikosov superconducting phase to the normal phase. The existence of the Abrikosov vortex lattice for conventional superconductors has been demonstrated experimentally many years ago through various techniques that have now been applied to study vortex states in high-T c superconductors [32,33]. The lattice can be imaged in real space through the Bitter decoration technique in which fine magnetic dust shows the location of flux lines as they emerge from the surface of the superconductor.…”

Section: Mean-field Staticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Mechanics of Vortices in Type-II Superconductors

Huse

Radzihovsky

1994

Fundamental Problems in Statistical Mechanics, VIII

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Thermal fluctuations and disorder play an essential role in high-T c superconductors. After reviewing the mean-field phase diagram we describe significant modifications that result when the effects of finite temperature and disorder are incorporated. Thermal fluctuations cause the melting of the Abrikosov flux line lattice into a vortex liquid at high temperatures, and disorder produces novel glass phases at low temperatures. We analyze phase transitions between these new phases and describe transport properties in various regimes.

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Observation of Hexagonally Correlated Flux Quanta In YBa2Cu3

Cited by 392 publications

References 9 publications

Vortex chains in anisotropic superconductors

Vortex chains in anisotropic superconductors

Phase coherence and the boson analogy of vortex liquids

Statistical Mechanics of Vortices in Type-II Superconductors

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