Observation of Fire Characteristics of Selected Covering Materials Used in Upholstered Seats

Mitrenga, Patrik; Osvaldová, Linda Makovická; Marková, Iveta

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2021.07.193

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The following fabrics were used for the preparation of the composites: a Biax 400 g/m 2 carbon fabric from Saertex, (Saerbeck, Germany), which is a sewn two-way (+45/−45 • ) fabric with a surface density of 410 g/m 2 ; an aramid fabric from P.P.H.U. Surfpol (Rawa Mazowiecka, Poland), which is a linen weave fabric (twill 2/2) with a surface density of Polymers 2024, 16, 591 3 of 13 110 g/m 2 made from a 42 tex yarn; a Biax 400 g/m 2 glass fabric from Saertex (Saerbeck, Germany) and a 200 g/m 2 Interglass, which is a two-way (+45/−45 • ) fabric with a surface area of 411 g/m 2 made from E-glass from Milar (Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland); Basfiber ® BT11/1 from Stone Vek (Moscow, Russia), which is a 380 ± 25 g/m 2 twill fabric; a linen fabric from Safilin (Sailly-Sur-La-Lys, France), which is a 500 g/m 2 twill fabric made from a 400 tex yarn.…”

Section: Experimental Composite Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the factors characterizing an act of vandalism is brute force, whose magnitude directly translates into the scale of damage. Thus, in developing composite materials for public transit, one should take into account not only their functional properties, but also their durability in terms of exposure to external factors, such as flames and sharp and blunt objects, as well as in terms of their ability to withstand, e.g., the vertical forces acting on passenger compartment elements [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Approach to Testing Antivandal Composite Materials as a Function of Their Thickness and Striker Shape—A Case Study

Irzmańska,

Mizera,

Litwicka

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Our research material comprised antivandal fire-retardant hybrid composites modified with inorganic and organic fillers intended for application in public transport vehicles. This paper presents an approach to studying their impact strength as a function of the composite thickness (3 to 6 mm) and striker shape (hemispherical, semicylindrical, wedge-shaped) used in the experimental stand. Group A composites, made of single fabric layers (n = 5), were thinner and their impact strength was lower by 73% than that for Group B composites made of double fabric layers. Study results show an almost threefold improvement in impact strength for a thickness increase of as little as 0.3 mm. Statistical analysis (the Shapiro–Wilk test, p > 0.05) did not show any significant differences in the quantitative evaluation of changes (n = 3) on the surface of the examined materials caused by impacts with strikers of different shapes. In turn, a linear correlation (Shapiro-Wilk test, W = 0.0857, p = 0.022) was found between impact strength and the thickness of the studied materials. It was observed that appropriate arrangement of fabrics and powder fillers can lead to a different distribution of forces and energy absorbed by the tested material. A lower impact strength was observed for the composite which had powder fillers in its composition, which caused the formation of microvoids in the structure of the material and thus led to a weakening in their strength properties. An effect of the placement of the glass fabric layer in the composite on the results was also observed. Moreover, SEM evaluation of the composites revealed their layered structure and the impregnation of woven fabrics with resin.

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Section: Experimental Composite Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Testing Antivandal Composite Materials as a Function of Their Thickness and Striker Shape—A Case Study

Irzmańska,

Mizera,

Litwicka

et al. 2024

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of studies, in particular refs. [13][14][15][16][17], analyze the measurement of fire characteristics (such as temperature fields, heat release, spread rate, etc.) during a fire.…”

Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk parameters of fires in poorly ventilated rooms were evaluated. Mitrenga et al [17] measured the ignition temperatures of upholstered furniture and its combustion surface temperatures when exposed to an ignition flame. A delay in textile material heating was analyzed.…”

Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Compartment Fire Behavior at Ignition and Combustion Development Stages on the Operation of Fire Detectors

Жданова

Волков

Sviridenko

et al. 2022

Fire

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This paper presents experimental research findings for those involved in the early phase of fire in office buildings. Class A model fires with a reaction area from 5 cm2 to 300 cm2 were chosen for investigation. To mock up a fire, the following combustible materials typical of offices were used: wood pieces, heat-insulated linoleum, paper and cardboard. The main characteristics of a model fire were recorded: temperature in the combustion zone, heat release, time of complete burnout and concentration of flue gas components. Typical trends and histograms of changes of these characteristics over time were presented; stages of ignition, flame combustion and smoldering were illustrated. The key characteristics of fire detector activation at different stages of model fire combustion were analyzed. Dead bands and operation conditions of a group of detectors (smoke, heat, optical, flame), their response time and errors were identified. It has been established that the most effective detectors are flame and smoke detectors. Specific operational aspects of detectors were established when recording the ignition of different types of model fires. The viability of combining at least two detectors to record fire behavior was established. Recommendations were made on using the obtained findings when optimizing the systems for detecting and recording the start of a compartment fire.

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Numerical parametric analysis of the decomposition and propagation of combustion products in a confined environment in the early stages of a fire

Kropotova,

Kuznetsov,

Strizhak

2024

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Observation of Fire Characteristics of Selected Covering Materials Used in Upholstered Seats

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

An Approach to Testing Antivandal Composite Materials as a Function of Their Thickness and Striker Shape—A Case Study

An Approach to Testing Antivandal Composite Materials as a Function of Their Thickness and Striker Shape—A Case Study

Influence of Compartment Fire Behavior at Ignition and Combustion Development Stages on the Operation of Fire Detectors

Numerical parametric analysis of the decomposition and propagation of combustion products in a confined environment in the early stages of a fire

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