Observation of entanglement between a single trapped atom and a single photon

Blinov, B. B.; Moehring, D. L.; Duan, Luming; Monroe, Christopher

doi:10.1038/nature02377

Cited by 634 publications

(586 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The state of light is converted into a quantum state of the memory with a fidelity higher than that of the classical recording. Several recent experiments [10][11][12][13] have demonstrated entanglement of light and atoms. However, none of these experiments demonstrated the memory obeying the two above criteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light

Julsgaard¹,

Sherson²,

Cirac

et al. 2004

Nature

812

944

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The information carrier of today's communications, a weak pulse of light, is an intrinsically quantum object. As a consequence, complete information about the pulse cannot, even in principle, be perfectly recorded in a classical memory. In the field of quantum information this has led to a long standing challenge: how to achieve a high-fidelity transfer of an independently prepared quantum state of light onto the atomic quantum state 1-4 ? Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a protocol for such quantum memory based on atomic ensembles. We demonstrate for the first time a recording of an externally provided quantum state of light onto the atomic quantum memory with a fidelity up to 70%, significantly

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light

Julsgaard¹,

Sherson²,

Cirac

et al. 2004

Nature

812

944

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“…Important progress has been made towards measurement-induced entanglement on various fronts, including the observation of entanglement between a trapped ion and a photon [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement-induced entanglement for excitation stored in remote atomic ensembles

Chou

Riedmatten

Felinto

et al. 2005

Nature

581

672

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A critical requirement for diverse applications in Quantum Information Science is the capability to disseminate quantum resources over complex quantum networks [1,2]. For example, the coherent distribution of entangled quantum states together with quantum memory to store these states can enable scalable architectures for quantum computation [3], communication [4], and metrology [5]. As a significant step toward such possibilities, here we report observations of entanglement between two atomic ensembles located in distinct apparatuses on different tables. Quantum interference in the detection of a photon emitted by one of the samples projects the otherwise independent ensembles into an entangled state with one joint excitation stored remotely in 10 5 atoms at each site [6]. After a programmable delay, we confirm entanglement by mapping the state of the atoms to optical fields and by measuring mutual coherences and photon statistics for these fields. We thereby determine a quantitative lower bound for the entanglement of the joint state of the ensembles. Our observations provide a new capability for the distribution and storage of entangled quantum states, including for scalable quantum communication networks [6].Entanglement is a uniquely quantum mechanical property of the correlations among various components of a physical system. Initial demonstrations of entanglement were made for photon pairs from the fluorescence in atomic cascades [7,8] and from parametric down conversion [9]. More recently, entanglement has been recognized as a critical resource for accomplishing tasks that are otherwise impossible in the classical domain [1]. Spectacular advances have been made in the generation of quantum entanglement for diverse physical systems [1, 2], including entanglement stored for many seconds in trapped ions for distances on the millimeter scale [10,11], long-lived entanglement of macroscopic quantum spins persisting for milliseconds on the centimeter scale [12], and remote entanglement carried by photon pairs over distances of tens of kilometers of optical fibers [13].For applications in quantum information science, entanglement can be created deterministically by way of precise control of quantum dynamics for a physical system, or probabilistically by way of quantum interference in a suitable measurement with random instances of success. In the latter case, it is essential that success be heralded unambiguously so that the resulting entangled state is available for subsequent utilization. In either case, quantum memory is required to store the entangled states until they are required for the protocol at hand.There are by now several examples of entanglement generated "on demand," [1] beginning with the realization of the EPR paradox for continuous quantum variables [14] and the deterministic entanglement of the discrete internal states of two trapped ions [15]. Important progress has been made towards measurement-induced entanglement on various fronts, including the observation of entanglement between a trapped...

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“…But today we see a growing number of remarkable experiments mastering entanglement. Entanglement over long distances [11,12,13,19,33], entanglement between many photons [34] and many ions [35], entanglement of an ion and a photon [36,37], entanglement of mesoscopic systems (more precisely entanglement between a few collective modes carried by many particles) [38,39,40], entanglement swapping [41,42,43], the transfer of entanglement between different carriers [44], etc.…”

Section: Entanglement As a Cause Of Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Relativity be Considered Complete? From Newtonian Nonlocality to Quantum Nonlocality and Beyond

Gisin

2015

Lecture Notes in Physics

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We review the long history of nonlocality in physics with special emphasis on the conceptual breakthroughs over the last few years. For the first time it is possible to study "nonlocality without signaling" from the outside, that is without all the quantum physics Hilbert space artillery. We emphasize that physics has always given a nonlocal description of Nature, except during a short 10 years gap. We note that the very concept of "nonlocality without signaling" is totally foreign to the spirit of relativity, the only strictly local theory.

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Observation of entanglement between a single trapped atom and a single photon

Cited by 634 publications

References 28 publications

Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light

Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light

Measurement-induced entanglement for excitation stored in remote atomic ensembles

Can Relativity be Considered Complete? From Newtonian Nonlocality to Quantum Nonlocality and Beyond

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