Observation of Atomic Emission Image from Spark Discharge Plasma by Using Two-dimensional Spectrograph

Ramli, Muliadi; Wagatsuma, Kazuaki

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.50.864

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Eventually, the plasma spatially grows to be more homogeneous once the energy deposition ceases. 36 The optical emission during this phase is dominated by the atomic emission from the neutral atoms while the continuum is negligible as evident in Fig. 3…”

Section: Experimental Characterization Of the Plasmamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The ejected atoms from the analyte and the cathode rapidly move away from the cathode due to space-charge effects, and undergo excitation by various mechanisms including charge transfer; 20 these atoms further migrate into the inter-electrode gap. 24,36 Sampling of the cathode as well as the deposited particles on the cathode surface is dependent on the amount of charge passed to the cathode during current conduction phase. 17 A majority of the sampling from the cathode surface takes place during this current conduction phase.…”

Section: Particle Collection and Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of elemental concentration of aerosols using spark emission spectroscopy

Diwakar

Kulkarni

2012

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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A coaxial microelectrode system has been used to collect and analyse the elemental composition of aerosol particles in near real-time using spark emission spectroscopy. The technique involves focused electrostatic deposition of charged aerosol particles onto the flat tip of a microelectrode, followed by introduction of spark discharge. A pulsed spark discharge was generated across the electrodes with input energy ranging from 50 to 300 mJ per pulse, resulting in the formation of controlled pulsed plasma. The particulate matter on the cathode tip is ablated and atomized by the spark plasma, resulting in atomic emissions which are subsequently recorded using a broadband optical spectrometer for element identification and quantification. The plasma characteristics were found to be very consistent and reproducible even after several thousands of spark discharges using the same electrode system. The spark plasma was characterized by measuring the excitation temperature (~7000 to 10 000 K), electron density (~10 16 cm −3 ), and evolution of spectral responses as a function of time. The system was calibrated using particles containing Pb, Si, Na and Cr. Absolute mass detection limits in the range 11 pg to 1.75 ng were obtained. Repeatability of spectral measurements varied from 2 to 15%. The technique offers key advantages over similar microplasma-based techniques such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, as: (i) it does not require any laser beam optics and eliminates any need for beam alignment, (ii) pulse energy from dc power supply in SIBS system can be much higher compared to that from laser source of the same physical size, and (iii) it is quite conducive to compact, field-portable instrumentation.

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Section: Experimental Characterization Of the Plasmamentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Particle Collection and Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of elemental concentration of aerosols using spark emission spectroscopy

Diwakar

Kulkarni

2012

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Due to its ability to excite many elements, the spark discharge has been for a long time used as an excitation source for spectrochemical analysis, commonly called as spark discharge plasma optical emission spectrometry (SD-OES) [10]. SD-OES is based on the ablation of sample material by electrical sparks plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion resistance of copper/alumina composite

KAVECKY¹,

ŠTEFÁNIK²,

IŽDINSKÝ³

et al. 2016

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The ablation resistance of Cu and Cu/Al2O3 subjected to 200 spark discharges was compared in this work. It appears that the volume lost in the course of sparking was 6 times higher for Cu than for Cu/Al2O3 composite. Linear dependences of the amount of loss material on the number of electrical discharge analytical cycles for Cu/Al2O3 composite material and pure copper were determined. Cu/Al2O3 composite failure mode includes the evaporation as well as melting of constituents. The interaction of spark with the substrate is quite a discrete process strongly affected by local chemistry (composition). It results in irregular phases with respect to morphology as well as composition.

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“…[16][17][18][19][20][21] Most of the discharge imaging studies either focus on streamer formation and propagation, or globally analyze the different discharge regimes such as glow, corona, or spark. In the present study, we focus on how the spark channel evolves once it is formed, always under the conditions of ls-long and high intensity current peaks required for NP formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A time-resolved imaging and electrical study on a high current atmospheric pressure spark discharge

Palomares

Kohut

Galbács

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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A time-resolved laser induced fluorescence study on the ion velocity distribution function in a Hall thruster after a fast current disruption Phys. Plasmas 16, 043504 (2009) We present a time-resolved imaging and electrical study of an atmospheric pressure spark discharge. The conditions of the present study are those used for nanoparticle generation in spark discharge generator setups. The oscillatory bipolar spark discharge was generated between two identical Cu electrodes in different configurations (cylindrical flat-end or tipped-end geometries, electrode gap from 0.5 to 4 mm), in a controlled co-axial N 2 flow, and was supplied by a high voltage capacitor. Imaging data with nanosecond time resolution were collected using an intensified CCD camera. This data were used to study the time evolution of plasma morphology, total light emission intensity, and the rate of plasma expansion. High voltage and high current probes were employed to collect electrical data about the discharge. The electrical data recorded allowed, among others, the calculation of the equivalent resistance and inductance of the circuit, estimations for the energy dissipated in the spark gap. By combining imaging and electrical data, observations could be made about the correlation of the evolution of total emitted light and the dissipated power. It was also observed that the distribution of light emission of the plasma in the spark gap is uneven, as it exhibits a "hot spot" with an oscillating position in the axial direction, in correlation with the high voltage waveform. The initial expansion rate of the cylindrical plasma front was found to be supersonic; thus, the discharge releases a strong shockwave. Finally, the results on equivalent resistance and channel expansion are comparable to those of unipolar arcs. This shows the spark discharge has a similar behavior to the arc regime during the conductive phase and until the current oscillations stop. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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Observation of Atomic Emission Image from Spark Discharge Plasma by Using Two-dimensional Spectrograph

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Measurement of elemental concentration of aerosols using spark emission spectroscopy

Measurement of elemental concentration of aerosols using spark emission spectroscopy

Erosion resistance of copper/alumina composite

A time-resolved imaging and electrical study on a high current atmospheric pressure spark discharge

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