Observation of a high-energy cosmic-ray family caused by a Centauro-type nuclear interaction in the joint emulsion chamber experiment at the Pamirs

Borisov, A. S.; Cherdyntseva, K. V.; Guseva, Z. M.; Denisova, V. G.; Dunaevsky, A.; Kanevskaya, E. A.; Maximenko, V.M.; Nam, R.A.; Puchkov, V. S.; Slavatinsky, S. A.; Smirnova, M. D.; Smorodin, Yu.A.; Uryson, A. V.; Zelevinskaya, N.G.; Zimin, M.; Zhdanov, G. B.; Mikhailova, I. A.; Mukhamedshin, R. A.; Nedelko, O.; Nikolaeva, L.; Зацепин, Г. Т.; Amineva, T.P.; Baradzei, L.T.; Ivanenko, I. P.; Iljina, N.; Lazareva, T.; Managadze, A.K.; Murzina, E.A.; Pomelova, E.I.; Popova, E.; Rakobolskaya, I.V.; Роганова, Т. М.; Ryabova, N.G.; Sveshnikova, L. G.; Cananov, S. D.; Chadranyan, L.; Khisanishvilli, L.A.; Ladarija, M.K.; Leptukh, G.; Roinishvili, N.; Svanidze, M.; Azimov, Z.; Bobodjanov, I. B.; Gubar, N.; Gulov, Y.; Normuradov, F.; Shoboronov, K.; Azimov, S.A.; Khalilov, D.; Myrtojieva, Sh.; Mullajanov, E.G.; Nosov, A. N.; Kh, N.; Yuldashbaev, T. S.; Bakhtigereev, S. E.; Dobrotin, N.A.; Emelyanov, Y.; Zaitseva, E.; Bielawska, H.; Bialobrzeska, H.; Linke, Martin; Malinowski, J.; Maciaszszyk, J.; Krys, A.; Tomaszewski, A.; Nowicka, J; Włodarczyk, Z.; Chinellato, J. A.; Dobrigkeit, C.; Filho, J. Bellandi; Fauth, A. C.; Lattes, C. M. G.; Menon, M. J.; O., C.E. Navia; Sawayanagi, K.; Shibuya, E. H.; Turtelli, A.; Amato, N. M.; Arata, N.; Castro, F. M. Oliveira; Maldonado, R. H. C.; Aoki, Hiroshi; Fujimoto, Y.; Funayama, Y.; Hasegawa, S.; Kumano, H.; Semba, H.; Tamada, M.; Yamashita, S.; Shibata, T.; Yokoi, K.; Ohsawa, A.

doi:10.1016/0370-2693(87)90871-9

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…One may argue that the smaller family energy in the experimental data is due to a systematic underestimation of the shower energy in the emulsion chamber. The integral spectrum of family energy observed by the present hybrid experiment is smoothly connected to that of the emulsion-chamber experiment conducted by the Brazil-Japan collaboration [1,3]. We can therefore conclude that the energy estimation of high-energy particles in the emulsion chamber of the present hybrid experiment is not much different from that of the emulsion-chamber experiment of the BrazilJapan collaboration.…”

Section: The Hybrid Experiments At Mt Chacaltayasupporting

confidence: 68%

“…These measurements show that the charged-particle density in the central rapidity region follows a simple power law (see the old Fermi and Landau hydrodynamic model [86][87][88] used some time ago in cosmic rays) at laboratory energies from as low as 10 GeV up to 2.6 ×10 7 GeV (see also ALICE first results at 7 TeV [89]). Specifically the power law exponent, close to α = 0.13, found at energies 10 − 1 5 × 10 3 GeV [90] and α = 0.11, is the same as that found for laboratory energies 1.5 ×10 3 − 1.5 ×10 5 GeV [91]. Secondly, the knowledge of scaling violation in the nuclear interactions, which determines the factor ( / 0 ) α [90] where 0 is the energy of the breaking of scaling occurs efficiently, is crucial for understanding cosmic ray cascades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The Centauro events, characterised by an extreme imbalance between hadronic and gamma-ray components among the produced secondaries, are the best known examples of numerous unusual events reported in cosmic-ray experiments [1,3,4]. There have been many attempts to explain Centauro events, including different types of isospin fluctuations or formation of disoriented chiral condensate (DCC) [5,6], multiparticle Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) [7] and strange quark matter (SQM) formation [8][9][10].…”

Section: Centauro Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emulsion chamber observations of Centauros, aligned events and the long-flying component

et al. 2012

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Section: The Hybrid Experiments At Mt Chacaltayasupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Centauro Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emulsion chamber observations of Centauros, aligned events and the long-flying component

et al. 2012

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“…Furthermore, some anomalous CR interaction events have been observed in XREC experiment at Chacaltaya mountain which have an abnormal multiplicity ratio of their charged and neutral hadronic products [43]; later on, similar events (named Centauros and Anti-Centauros) were discovered by the Pamir experiment [44] and at balloons [45]. The isospin symmetry which is commonly kept in strong interaction of usual hadrons is roughly violated in the events of such type, so that there has been made a hypothesis that in the primary CR flow there is some abnormal component constituted by the particles of the strange quark matter [46].…”

Section: The Cosmic Ray Study At the Tien Shan Mountain Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New complex EAS installation of the Tien Shan mountain cosmic ray station

Chubenko

Shepetov

Antonova

et al. 2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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In this paper we present a description of the new complex installation for the study of extensive air showers which was created at the Tien Shan mountain cosmic ray station, as well as the results of the test measurements made there in 2014-2016. At present, the system for registration of electromagnetic shower component consists of ∼100 detector points built on the basis of plastic scintillator plates with the sensitive area of 0.25m 2 and 1m 2 , spread equidistantly over ∼10 4 m 2 space. The dynamic range of scintillation amplitude measurements is currently about (3 − 7) · 10 4 , and there is a prospect of it being extended up to ∼10 6 . The direction of shower arrival is defined by signal delays from a number of the scintillators placed cross-wise at the periphery of the detector system. For the investigation of nuclear active shower components there was created a multi-tier 55m 2 ionization-neutron calorimeter with a sum absorber thickness of ∼1000g/cm 2 , typical spatial resolution of the order of 10cm, and dynamic range of ionization measurement channel about ∼10 5 . Also, the use of saturation-free neutron detectors is anticipated for registration of the high-and lowenergy hadron components in the region of shower core. A complex of underground detectors is designed for the study of muonic and penetrative nuclear-active components of the shower.The full stack of data acquisition, detector calibration, and shower parameters restoration procedures are now completed, and the newly obtained shower size spectrum and lateral distribution of shower particles occur in agreement with conventional data. Future studies in the field of 10 14 − 10 17 eV cosmic ray physics to be held at the new shower installation are discussed.

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“…The latter was made using an UA5 model of particles interaction (model A) which was based on extrapolation of contemporary accelerator data, and for the two suppositions concerning the chemical composition of primary cosmic rays: a "light" content, with ∼60% share of protons and alpha-particles, and a heavy one, with a ∼(40 − 50)% predominance of Fe nuclei. Another model (B) anticipated forced production of the exotic "Centauro species" events [43,44,45], with the relative share of energy transfer into secondary gamma ray quanta reduced to an order of magnitude. It follows from Fig.…”

Section: The Energy Range Of Scaling Violationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling violation in interaction of cosmic ray hadrons and the nature of the 3 PeV knee in the spectrum of primary cosmic rays

Shaulov,

Shepetov,

Kupriyanova

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Energy spectra of the most energetic hadrons in the core region of extensive air showers (EAS) were studied in dependence on the EAS energy E 0 in the hybrid experiment HADRON at the Tien Shan mountain cosmic ray station. For the first time by direct measurement it was found in this experiment that the slope of the power energy spectrum of EAS hadrons diminishes itself locally, and the average hadron energy, correspondingly, increases between the E 0 borders 3 PeV and 20 PeV. Such behavior agrees with threshold appearance in EAS, in the same energy range, of a long-flying penetrative component which was earlier revealed at the Tien Shan station. Now we reconsider this Tien Shan result in comparison with the new data of modern collider experiments. The analysis permits to state unambiguously an astrophysical nature of the penetrative EAS component, and to discuss its probable connection with the origin of the famous knee in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays at E 0 3 PeV.

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Observation of a high-energy cosmic-ray family caused by a Centauro-type nuclear interaction in the joint emulsion chamber experiment at the Pamirs

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Emulsion chamber observations of Centauros, aligned events and the long-flying component

Emulsion chamber observations of Centauros, aligned events and the long-flying component

New complex EAS installation of the Tien Shan mountain cosmic ray station

Scaling violation in interaction of cosmic ray hadrons and the nature of the 3 PeV knee in the spectrum of primary cosmic rays

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