Observation and simulation of near-surface wind and its variation with topography in Urumqi, West China

Jin, Lili; Li, Zhenjie; He, Qing; Qi-long, Miao; Zhang, Huqiang; Yang, Xinghua

doi:10.1007/s13351-016-6012-3

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Mountain wind system occurs at mountainous regions and has a great effect on regional climate, weather, environment and natural resources [1][2][3][4][5]. It comprises of slope breeze, valley breeze and mountain-plain breeze, which all experience wind direction changes twice a day under weak synoptic forcing, and clear-sky conditions [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Study of Mountain-Plain Breeze Circulation in Eastern Chengdu, China

Tian

Miao

2019

Sustainability

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The spatiotemporal structure and evolution of the thermally-induced mountain-plain breeze circulation in the Longquan Mountain, eastern Chengdu, are studied by the WRF-ARW model based on a two-day case. Turbulence characteristics are also examined to better understand the local circulation of the area. Simulation results show that the 2 m temperature distribution of the plain and mountain areas is peculiar due to the occurrence of the temperature inversion. The plain and mountain breezes can be predicted explicitly by the model, and the consequent circulations are coupled with other factors such as turbulent movement and vertically propagating mountain waves. Owing to this unique terrain feature, the north portion of the mountain demonstrates more evident mountain and plain breezes compared to the south and middle portions. Stronger turbulences are formed over the mountain area compared to the plain area. Vertical cross-sections of turbulent heat, moisture and momentum fluxes show that turbulent transport plays an important role in the development and elimination of mountain-plain breeze circulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Study of Mountain-Plain Breeze Circulation in Eastern Chengdu, China

Tian

Miao

2019

Sustainability

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“…Although no BEP can be applied on the TP resolution with our combination of parameterizations, changes of the parameters required for the single-layer UCM offer the opportunity to perform sensitivity analysis with respect to different building heights, urban greening effects (Fallmann et al, 2016), or anthropogenic heating (Karlický et al, 2020). Recently, Lin et al (2020) developed an interface to use output from highresolution WRF simulations to force PALM 6.0 in an offline mode, which could be another tool in the future to study microscale structures in urban areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulence-permitting air pollution simulation for the Stuttgart metropolitan area

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Air pollution is one of the major challenges in urban areas. It can have a major impact on human health and society and is currently a subject of several litigations in European courts. Information on the level of air pollution is based on near-surface measurements, which are often irregularly distributed along the main traffic roads and provide almost no information about the residential areas and office districts in the cities. To further enhance the process understanding and give scientific support to decision makers, we developed a prototype for an air quality forecasting system (AQFS) within the EU demonstration project “Open Forecast”. For AQFS, the Weather Research and Forecasting model together with its coupled chemistry component (WRF-Chem) is applied for the Stuttgart metropolitan area in Germany. Three model domains from 1.25 km down to a turbulence-permitting resolution of 50 m were used, and a single-layer urban canopy model was active in all domains. As a demonstration case study, 21 January 2019 was selected, which was a heavily polluted day with observed PM10 concentrations exceeding 50 µg m−3. Our results show that the model is able to reasonably simulate the diurnal cycle of surface fluxes and 2 m temperatures as well as evolution of the stable and shallow boundary layer typically occurring in wintertime in Stuttgart. The simulated fields of particulates with a diameter of less than 10 µm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) allow a clear statement about the most heavily polluted areas apart from the irregularly distributed measurement sites. Together with information about the vertical distribution of PM10 and NO2 from the model, AQFS will serve as a valuable tool for air quality forecasting and has the potential of being applied to other cities around the world.

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“…Hughes and Hall (2010) demonstrated that a regional modeling framework is necessary to produce the critical offshore wintertime flow pattern known as the Santa Ana winds in Southern California that is due to topographic pooling of desert air masses and downslope channeling of the winds through mountain passes to the coast. Mountain-valley circulations, characterized by thermally driven upslope flow during the day and downslope flow at night, are also very realistically simulated by regional models (e.g., Jin et al 2016;Junquas et al 2018) Topographically induced variations in both temperature and circulation lead to a variety of climatologically important effects, such as orographic uplift yielding precipitation, rain shadows, and barrier jets. The skill of regional models in simulating these signals has been recognized for more than two decades through studies on multiple continents (e.g., Marinucci et al 1995;Qian 2003, 2009;Insel et al 2010;Cardoso et al 2013).…”

Section: E674mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ongoing Need for High-Resolution Regional Climate Models: Process Understanding and Stakeholder Information

Gutowski

Ullrich

Hall

et al. 2020

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

127

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Regional climate modeling addresses our need to understand and simulate climatic processes and phenomena unresolved in global models. This paper highlights examples of current approaches to and innovative uses of regional climate modeling that deepen understanding of the climate system. High-resolution models are generally more skillful in simulating extremes, such as heavy precipitation, strong winds, and severe storms. In addition, research has shown that fine-scale features such as mountains, coastlines, lakes, irrigation, land use, and urban heat islands can substantially influence a region’s climate and its response to changing forcings. Regional climate simulations explicitly simulating convection are now being performed, providing an opportunity to illuminate new physical behavior that previously was represented by parameterizations with large uncertainties. Regional and global models are both advancing toward higher resolution, as computational capacity increases. However, the resolution and ensemble size necessary to produce a sufficient statistical sample of these processes in global models has proven too costly for contemporary supercomputing systems. Regional climate models are thus indispensable tools that complement global models for understanding physical processes governing regional climate variability and change. The deeper understanding of regional climate processes also benefits stakeholders and policymakers who need physically robust, high-resolution climate information to guide societal responses to changing climate. Key scientific questions that will continue to require regional climate models, and opportunities are emerging for addressing those questions.

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Observation and simulation of near-surface wind and its variation with topography in Urumqi, West China

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

A Numerical Study of Mountain-Plain Breeze Circulation in Eastern Chengdu, China

A Numerical Study of Mountain-Plain Breeze Circulation in Eastern Chengdu, China

Turbulence-permitting air pollution simulation for the Stuttgart metropolitan area

The Ongoing Need for High-Resolution Regional Climate Models: Process Understanding and Stakeholder Information

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