Obligately Psychrophilic Yeasts From the Polar Regions

Sinclair, Nicholas; Stokes, J. L.

doi:10.1139/m65-032

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The data on the temperature limits of growth of L. frigidurn, L. gelidum and L. nivalis clearly establish these yeasts as obligate psychrophiles unable to grow at temperatures above 18 to 20 "C. These results are essentially in agreement with the original observations of di Menna (1966) and Sinclair & Stokes (1965). On the basis of the definition that a psychrophilic yeast is one that is unable to grow at temperatures above 20 "C, the above species, together with Torulopsis psychrophila (Goto, Sugiyama & Iizuka, 1969) and certain other species of Leucosporidium (Fell et al,I 969), constitute the only obligate psychrophilic yeasts so far isolated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Leucosporidium Yeasts: Obligate Psychrophiles which Alter Membrane-lipid and Cytochrome Composition with Temperature

Watson

Arthur

Shipton

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S U M M A R YThe temperature limits of growth of three psychrophilic yeasts, Leucosporidium frigidum, L. geZidum and L. nivalis, were examined. All species grew well at subzero temperatures (-I "C). The maximum temperature of growth was significantly higher with glucose as substrate ( I 8 to 20 "C) than with ethanol (17 to 18 "C). There was a positive correlation between the growth temperature and the degree of fattyacid unsaturation of the cell lipids; the lower the temperature, the greater the degree of fatty-acid unsaturation. At subzero temperatures (-I "C) with ethanol as substrate, 90 % of the total fatty acid was unsaturated with linolenic (35 to 50 %) and linoleic (25 to 30 %) acids predominating. At temperatures close to the maximum for growth, linolenic acid accounted for less than 20 % of the total fatty acid and oleic (20 to 40 %) and linoleic (30 to 50 %) acids were the major components. Difference spectra of intact cells showed marked changes in the ratios and amounts of individual cytochromes as a function of growth temperature. In L. frigidum with glucose as substrate, the ratios of cytochromes a+a,: b: c at 8 and 19 "C were I : I -I : 2-9 and I : 2-3 : 16.7 respectively. Similar changes in cytochrome ratios were noted for L. gelidum, but changes were much less marked for L. nivalis. The temperature effects were interpreted as supporting the view that membrane structure and composition are fundamental to temperature adaptation in psychrophilic yeasts.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Leucosporidium Yeasts: Obligate Psychrophiles which Alter Membrane-lipid and Cytochrome Composition with Temperature

Watson

Arthur

Shipton

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This aspect of metabolism has received comparatively little attention in saccharolytic clostridia although hydrogen sulphide production has been recorded in some glucose-fermenting strains (Sinclair and Stokes 1964;Beerens et nl1965). With the exception of dimethylsulphide, all of the compounds were detected in an earlier study of vacuum-packed normal pH (5.5) pork but in trace amounts only (Edwards and Dainty 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spoilage of vacuum‐packed beef by a clostridium sp

Dainty¹,

Edwards²,

Hibbard³

1989

J Sci Food Agric

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An unusual spoilage condition of chill-stored normal pH vacuum-packed beef characterised by gross distension (blowing) of the packs and of-odours perceived on initial opening of the packs as 'sulphurous' and subsequently as yuity', 'solvent-like' and 'strong cheese' has been chemically defined. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide were the major components of the headspace gases. Other components included hydrogen sulphide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl di-and trisulphides, methylthioacetate, 1-butanol, acetic and butanoic acids, and 1-butyl esters of a range of C,-C6 fatty acids. Published sensory data are consistent with components of this mixture being responsible for the off-odours detected. When grown in pure culture on beef under identical storage conditions, a Clostridium sp isolated from one of the blown packs produced the same chemical and sensory spoilage characteristics.

show abstract

“…However, since then, there have been several reports of yeasts and bacteria which fit the more restrictive definition (1,8,18,23). Baxter and Gibbons (1) have suggested that this definition be retained for psychrophiles while the other group of microorganisms that are able t o grow a t low temperatures be regarded as merely cold tolerant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Studies of the Physiology of Sclerotinia Borealis, a Highly Psychrophilic Fungus

Ward¹

1966

Can. J. Bot.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

X study was made of the influence of temperature on growth and oxygen uptake by Sclerotinin borealis Bub. and Vleug. Growth was measured as the increase in diameter of colonies on agar media and oxygen uptake, by conventional manometric procedures with cells removed from shake cultures incubated a t 0 OC.The results indicated that the fungus is highly psychrophilic with an o p t i n~u~n temperature for growth a t 0 OC, a maximum a t approximately 15 "C, and a lninimurn below -5 "C. C u l t~~r e s grown a t 0 "C ceased to grow when transferred to temperatures above 15 OC but, within limits, resumed growth again after a lag when returned to 0 OC. The length of the lag period was proportional to both the degree and the duration of the temperature elevation.The opti~nirtn temperature for oxygen uptake was 25 "C, the rate remaining linear a t this temperature during a 6-hour incubation period. The rate a t 25 "C declined slowly over a period of 4 days but the rate a t 1 OC declined to a similar degree. The QIO for oxygen uptake was very low, the rate a t 25 "C being only double that a t 1 OC.

show abstract

Obligately Psychrophilic Yeasts From the Polar Regions

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Leucosporidium Yeasts: Obligate Psychrophiles which Alter Membrane-lipid and Cytochrome Composition with Temperature

Leucosporidium Yeasts: Obligate Psychrophiles which Alter Membrane-lipid and Cytochrome Composition with Temperature

Spoilage of vacuum‐packed beef by a clostridium sp

Preliminary Studies of the Physiology of Sclerotinia Borealis, a Highly Psychrophilic Fungus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About