Obligately Anaerobic Strains of
            <i>Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis)</i>

Malone, Beatrice H.; Schreiber, Minnie; Schneider, Nathan J.; Holdeman, Lillian V.

doi:10.1128/jcm.2.3.272-275.1975

Cited by 32 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Known as a facultative anaerobic microorganism, G. vaginalis was also described as fastidious, as it grew better at 37°C in complex media in an atmosphere with 5-10% of carbon dioxide (CO2) or in a candleflame extinction jar (Catlin, 1992;Cereija et al, 2013). Nevertheless, it was demonstrated that certain G. vaginalis strains are strict anaerobes (Malone et al, 1975). The cellular surface of G. vaginalis is covered with fimbriae, which are responsible for the attachment of G. vaginalis to vaginal epithelial cells (Scott et al, 1989;Onderdonk et al, 2016).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Gardnerellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Gardnerella Typing and Bacterial Vaginosis

Qin

Xiao

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common infectious disease of the reproductive tract in women of childbearing age. It often manifests as an imbalance in the vaginal microbiome, including a decrease in Lactobacillus and an increase in anaerobic bacteria. While Gardnerella spp. are considered a major cause of BV, they are also detected in the vaginal microbiome of healthy women. G. vaginalis was the only recognized species of Gardnerella until a recent study characterized three new species, G. leopoldii, G. piotii, and G. swidsinskii. This review describes the different types and genetic diversity of Gardnerella, as well as new findings on the correlation between different Gardnerella spp. and BV.

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Section: Characteristics Of Gardnerellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Gardnerella Typing and Bacterial Vaginosis

Qin

Xiao

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Despite heavy growth in PYG or PYG-starch broth, none of the three reference strains of Bifidobacterium species, two reference strains of H. vaginalis, or the clinical isolates formed detectable levels of succinic acid in PYG or PYG-starch broth. However, since H. vaginalis may produce minor levels of succinate (9), like the bifidobacteria (6), analysis of volatile and nonvolatile end products would not necessarily separate H. vaginalis from bifidobacteria or possibly other species we have designated H. vaginalis-like.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Isolation and Identification of Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale)

1979

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The rate of isolation of organisms resembling Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale) from vaginal specimens was not significantly affected by anaerobic versus carbon dioxide incubation atmospheres or whether specimens were inoculated on isolation media immediately after collection or after a delay of 6 h. Forty-one clinically isolated strains were provisionally divided into 30 H. vaginalis strains and 11 H. vaginalis -like (HVL) strains based on morphological and growth characteristics. The H. vaginalis strains were less reactive in API-20A identification test strips, (Analytab Products, Inc.) using Lombard-Dowell broth, than in a modified basal medium that contained proteose peptone no. 3 (Difco). The numbers and kinds of substrates fermented by 30 clinical and 2 reference strains of H. vaginalis varied among conventional, API, Minitek (Baltimore Biological Laboratory), and rapid buffered substrate fermentation systems. A greater number and variety of carbohydrates were fermented by the 11 HVL strains more consistently in all four test systems. Analysis of volatile and nonvolatile fermentation end products by gas-liquid chromatography did not reveal significant differences between the H. vaginalis and HVL strains. However, the latter group grew in peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth, whereas the H. vaginalis strains did not grow without the addition of starch to peptone-yeast extract-glucose. All of the reference and clinical strains were similar in their susceptibilities to a variety of antimicrobial compounds except sulfonamides, which inhibited the HVL strains and bifidobacteria but not the H. vaginalis strains. Sulfonamide susceptibility or resistance corresponded in part to the H. vaginalis and HVL-bifidobacteria strain reactions on selected conventional fermentation substrates. Susceptibility or resistance to sulfonamides and metronidazole in conjunction with fermentation tests is described to aid in the separation of H. vaginalis from other possibly unrecognized biotypes of H. vaginalis or other vaginal bacteria that presumptively resemble the organism. A human blood medium known as V agar was also of considerable value in distinguishing H. vaginalis from HVL strains, because only the H. vaginalis strains produced diffuse beta-hemolysis on V agar.

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Gardnerella

Storms¹,

Vandamme²

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Gard.ner.el'la. N.L. fem. dim. n. Gardnerella named after H.L. Gardner. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Bifidobacteriales / Bifidobacteriaceae / Gardnerella Pleomorphic rods ~0.5 µm in diameter and 1.5–2.5 µm in length. Filaments do not occur. Neither capsules nor endospores are formed. Gram‐stain‐negative to Gram‐stain‐variable. Nonmotile. Facultatively anaerobic. Fastidious in growth requirements. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐negative. Chemo‐organotrophic, with a fermentative type of metabolism. Acid, but no gas, is produced from a variety of carbohydrates, including maltose and starch . Acetic acid is the major product of fermentation. Hippurate is hydrolyzed. Human blood, but not sheep blood, is hemolyzed. Found in the human genital and urinary tracts. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 42–44 (Bd). Type species : Gardnerella vaginalis (Gardner and Dukes 1 9 5 5) Greenwood and Pickett 1 9 8 0, 176 VP ( Haemophilus vaginalis Gardner and Dukes 1 9 5 5, 963).

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Obligately Anaerobic Strains of Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis)

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Gardnerella Typing and Bacterial Vaginosis

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Gardnerella Typing and Bacterial Vaginosis

Factors Affecting Isolation and Identification of Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale)

Gardnerella

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