Objectives, physics requirements and conceptual design of an ECRH system for JET

Giruzzi, G.; Lennholm, M.; Parkin, Andrew; Aiello, G.; Bellinger, M.; Bird, John; Bouquey, F.; Braune, H.; Bruschi, A.; Butcher, P.; Clay, Raymond C.; Luna, E. de la; Денисов, Г. Г.; Edlington, T.; Fanthome, J.; Farina, D.; Farthing, J.; Figini, L.; Garavaglia, S.; García, J.; Gardener, M.; Gerbaud, T.; Granucci, G.; Hay, J.H.; Henderson, M.; Hotchin, S.; Ilyin, V.N.; Jennison, M.; Kasparek, W.; Khilar, P.; Kirneva, N.; Kislov, D. A.; Knipe, S.; Kuyanov, A. Yu.; Litaudon, X.; Litvak, A. G.; Moro, A.; Nowak, S.; Parail, V.; Plaum, B.; Saibene, G.; Sozzi, C.; Späh, P.; Strauß, D.; Trukhina, E.V.; Vaccaro, A.; Vagdama, A.; Vdovin, V.; Contributors, Jet

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063033

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…With the aim of analysing whether the inclusion of more off-axis current could lead to a steady-state scenario, the inclusion of an ECRH/ECCD system, consistent with the proposed configuration for JET [23], is considered. Here, the ECRH/ECCD power used is P EC = 10 MW (170 GHz, X-mode, 2nd harmonic), with two launching mirrors (5 MW each) located at major radius R = 4.32 m and height With this configuration, the deposition is located at ρ ∼ 0.6 as shown in figure 13.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Impact Of Off-axis Current On Shot 77895mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of off-axis RF current drive on JET advanced scenarios

García¹,

Giruzzi²,

Litaudon³

et al. 2011

Nucl. Fusion

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The impact of the radio-frequency heating and current drive systems on JET advanced scenarios at high density is analysed by means of the CRONOS suite of codes for integrated tokamak modelling. In particular, the performance of the proposed electron cyclotron heating and current drive system for JET is evaluated. As a first step, the code is applied in the interpretative mode to analyse two high power advanced scenario discharges of JET, in order to validate both the heating and current drive computational modules and the overall simulation procedure. Then, JET advanced scenarios are studied by predictive simulations on the basis of previous results. The simulations show that lower hybrid and electron cyclotron heating and current drive systems can together provide off-axis current in order to create and sustain steady-state scenarios on JET at high density. These results give deeper insight into the future advanced scenarios in ITER, since they establish a clear way to test some key aspects of them in present day devices such as JET.

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Section: Analysis Of the Impact Of Off-axis Current On Shot 77895mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of off-axis RF current drive on JET advanced scenarios

García¹,

Giruzzi²,

Litaudon³

et al. 2011

Nucl. Fusion

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“…The latter two are based on recent quotations provided by companies expert in the field whereas the mirror cost is taken from W7-X [36] rescaled with dimensions. The cost estimation per meter as a function of L, r = 1.75w + 90 mm normalized to the EWGs cost for 2009 ECRH4JET project [37,38] is <0.6 for L > 2 m. After ~8 m the cost reaches a lower saturation (<0.4) because the reduction of number of mirrors is counterbalanced by the mirror size increase. The increase for a larger radius (r = 2w + 90 mm) is ~10-15%.…”

Section: Transmission Line (Tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design of the EU DEMO EC-system: main developments and R&D achievements

et al. 2017

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For the development of a DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant the design of auxiliary heating systems is a key activity in order to achieve controlled burning plasma. The present heating mix considers Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH), Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) and Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ICRH) with a target power to the plasma of about 50MW for each system. The main tasks assigned to the EC system are plasma breakdown and assisted start-up, heating to L-H transition and plasma current ramp up to burn, MHD stability control and assistance in plasma current ramp down. The consequent requirements are used for the conceptual design of the EC system, from the RF source to the launcher, with an extensive R&D program focused on relevant technologies to be developed. Gyrotron: the R&D and Advanced Developments on EC RF sources are targeting for gyrotrons operating at 240GHz, considered as optimum EC Current Drive frequency in case of higher magnetic field than for the 2015 EU DEMO1 baseline. Multipurpose (multi-frequency) and frequency step-tunable gyrotrons are under investigation to increase the flexibility of the system. As main targets an output power of significantly above 1MW (target: 2MW) and a total efficiency higher than 60% are set. The principle feasibility at limits of a 236GHz, conventional-cavity and, alternatively, of a 238GHz coaxial-cavity gyrotron are under investigation together with the development of a synthetic diamond Brewster-angle window technology. Advanced developments are ongoing in the field of multi-stage depressed collector technologies. Transmission Line (TL): Different TL options are under investigation and a preliminary study of an evacuated quasi-optical multiple-beam TL, considered for a hybrid solution, is presented and discussed in terms of layout, dimensions and theoretical losses. Launcher: Remote Steering Antennas have been considered as a possible launcher solution especially under the constraints to avoid movable mirrors close to the plasma. With dedicated beam tracing calculations, the deposition locations coverage and the wave absorption efficiency have been investigated, considering a selection of frequencies, injection angles and launching points. An option for the EC system structure is proposed in clusters, in order to allow the necessary redundancy and flexibility to guarantee the required EC power in the different phases of the plasma pulse. Number and composition of the clusters are analysed to have high availability and therefore maximum reliability with a minimum number of components.

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“…The principal goals of an ECRH system on JET are: current drive over a range of radii for NTM stabilization, sawtooth control and current profile tailoring and central electron heating to equilibrate electron and ion temperatures in high performance discharges and additionally to avoid W accumulation. The feasibility study [10] concluded that a 12 gyrotron, 10 MW, system at the ITER frequency (170 GHz) adapted for fields of 2.7-3.3 T would be appropriate for the planned operation in JET. It is proposed to use the ITER upper launcher steering mechanism to allow for toroidal and poloidal steering over a wide range.…”

Section: Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists in using offaxis ECCD to produce a significant change of the q-profile [10]. The simulation of an existing JET discharge (#77895 at n e0 * 5.5 10 19 m -3 , I p = 1.7 MA) where ECRH power has been added, have shown that 10 MW are sufficient for a local inversion of the q-profile at mid-radius and for fully non-inductive conditions (V loop = 0) corresponding to an ECRH driven current of *200 kA [11].…”

Section: Impact Of Dt At Jetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Mitigation for ITER by a Prolonged and Joint International Operation of JET

et al. 2015

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Prolonged operation of the Joint European Torus (JET) in a set-up involving all ITER partners will be beneficial for ITER. Experiments at JET with its ITER-like wall and using a D-T plasma mixture will help to mitigate risks in the ITER research plan. Training of the ITER operators, technicians and engineers at JET will safe valuable time when ITER comes into operation. Moreover, the way in which the future ITER experiments will be organized can already be experienced at JET, by imposing a similar organisational structure. This paper will present arguments in favour of an extension of JET and additionally briefly discuss a number of enhancements that will make experiments on JET even more relevant for ITER.

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Objectives, physics requirements and conceptual design of an ECRH system for JET

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Impact of off-axis RF current drive on JET advanced scenarios

Impact of off-axis RF current drive on JET advanced scenarios

Conceptual design of the EU DEMO EC-system: main developments and R&D achievements

Risk Mitigation for ITER by a Prolonged and Joint International Operation of JET

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