Objective measures of the frailty syndrome (hand grip strength and gait speed) and cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review

Chainani, Vinod; Shaharyar, Sameer; Dave, Kairavee; Choksi, Vivek; Ravindranathan, Sharmila; Hanno, Ram; Jamal, Omar; Abdo, Abir; Rafeh, Nidal Abi

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.068

Cited by 126 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this line, a systematic review reported that decreased GS was more associated with abdominal adiposity and cardiovascular mortality than decreased HGS . In longitudinal studies, elevations of several baseline adiposity measures were also associated with a decline of GS . It is known that an excessive load above knee joints usually leads to shorter step length and prompts slower GS …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Anthropometric and Nutrition Status Indicators with Hand Grip Strength and Gait Speed in Older Adults

Mendes

Afonso

Moreira

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Anthropometric and Nutrition Status Indicators with Hand Grip Strength and Gait Speed in Older Adults

Mendes

Afonso

Moreira

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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“…Previously published systematic reviews investigated HGS and frailty, and their prognostic value for several variables: HGS has predictive power for mortality, decreased mobility, and cognitive decline in older people (Rijk et al, 2016). HGS is an important factor of frailty (Chainani et al, 2016;Syddall et al, 2003), and frailty is a predictor/risk factor for falls in older people (Cheng and Chang, 2017;Kojima, 2015). This is the first systematic review to objectively confirm the relationship between decreased HGS and hip fracture in older people.…”

Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between decreased hand grip strength and hip fracture in older people: A systematic review

Denk

Lennon

Gordon

et al. 2018

Experimental Gerontology

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The association between decreased hand grip strength and hip fracture in older people: a systematic review ABSTRACT Hip fractures are a global concern, resulting in poor outcomes and high health care costs. They mostly affect people >80 years. Hip fractures are influenced by various (modifiable) risk factors. Emerging evidence suggests hand grip strength (HGS) to be one of several useful tools to identify hip fracture risk. This is the first systematic review that aims to assess the evidence underlying the relationship between hip fracture incidence and HGS. Eleven studies were selected for this review (six case-control and five cohort studies), comprising 21197 participants. Where reported, HGS was significantly decreased in individuals with a hip fracture near the time of injury as compared to controls (p<0.001); HGS was associated with increased hip fracture risk in all included studies. Meta-analysis was not possible. All studies included in this systematic review confirmed a relationship between decreased HGS and hip fracture incidence. We were not able to quantify the strength of this relationship, due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. HGS merits further investigation as a useful tool for identifying individuals that might be at elevated risk for sustaining a hip fracture. Key words: Hand grip strength, hip fracture, proximal femur fracture, frailty, risk factor 1. Introduction Low impact fractures of the proximal femur (hip fractures) are a major worldwide public health concern (Hernlund et al., 2013; Kanis et al., 2012; The World Bank, 2015). They mostly occur in people older than 80 years (Kistler et al., 2015). As the population ages, hip fractures are predicted to increase by 35% between 2012 and 2022; the annual cost will rise to $1.27 billion in Australia alone (Watts et al., 2013). The current annual hospital cost of hip fractures in the UK has been estimated at £1.1 billion (Leal et al., 2016). Thus, it is vital to further improve fracture prevention strategies, not only to decrease health care costs, but also to reduce devastating outcomes such as morbidity, disability, dependency, and poor quality of life (Griffin et al., 2015;Parker, 2016). Many, often modifiable, risk factors need to be considered for hip fracture prevention. Osteoporosis (Kanis, 1994) and falls (Jarvinen et al., 2008) are recognized risk factors for sustaining a hip fracture. Other factors include, but are not limited to, sarcopenia (Oliveira and Vaz, 2015), muscle weakness, physical inactivity, impaired cognition, impaired vision, and chronic health conditions (Marks, 2010). The current gold standard screening tool to assist in identifying those most at risk of hip fracture is the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®). FRAX is based on 12 variables: age, sex, weight, height, previous fracture, parent fractured hip, current smoking, glucocorticoids, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary osteoporosis, alcohol (three or more units/day), and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (The University of Sheffield, 2011). Lo...

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“…While developing progressively, frailty may render the elderly further vulnerable with increased cardiovascular burden. Data from observational studies have indicated a significant correlation between frailty and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in elderly men and women45.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between low-grade albuminuria and frailty among community-dwelling middle-aged and older people: a cross-sectional analysis from I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study

Chang

Hsu²,

Chang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Frailty is characterized by decreased physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to atherosclerosis and subsequent mortality. Recently, low-grade albuminuria has been proposed as an atherosclerotic risk factor. We aimed to investigate the relationship between low-grade albuminuria and frailty by using cross-sectional data among community-dwelling middle-aged and older people. Totally, 1,441 inhabitants of I-Lan County with normal urinary albumin excretion (urine albumin to urine creatinine ratio [UACR] <30 mg/g) were enrolled (677 men; mean age 63 ± 9 years, range from 50 to 91 years old). Assessment of frailty was based on the ‘Fried frailty phenotype’ criteria, including weight loss, grip strength, exhaustion, slowness and low physical activity. The study population was stratified into quartiles according to UACR levels. Age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, insulin resistance, fasting glucose and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were increased with the increment of UACR (P for trend <0.05). The prevalence of prefrailty/frailty and its components increased across the UACR quartiles. A multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that UACR was independently associated with the likelihood of prefrailty/frailty (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.27). In conclusion, low-grade albuminuria is associated with the increased prevalence of prefrailty/frailty.

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Objective measures of the frailty syndrome (hand grip strength and gait speed) and cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review

Cited by 126 publications

References 32 publications

Association of Anthropometric and Nutrition Status Indicators with Hand Grip Strength and Gait Speed in Older Adults

Association of Anthropometric and Nutrition Status Indicators with Hand Grip Strength and Gait Speed in Older Adults

The association between decreased hand grip strength and hip fracture in older people: A systematic review

Association between low-grade albuminuria and frailty among community-dwelling middle-aged and older people: a cross-sectional analysis from I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study

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