Objective evaluation of the relationship between facial expression analysis by the facial action coding system (FACS) and CT/MRI analyses of the facial expression muscles

Abstract

Background: There are few reports on the relationship between facial expression formation and mass of the muscle responsible for facial expression. We analyzed the facial expression using facial action coding system (FACS) and examined the muscle mass and characteristics of the facial expression muscles using multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moreover, the relation between these was statistically evaluated. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy women in their 40s (43.4 ± 3.0 years, 40-49) were enrolled. The expressive faces were analyzed by facial expression analysis software based on the FACS. The muscle mass and characteristics of the facial expression muscles were investigated using MDCT/MRI. The correlation between an integrated expression intensity value (IEIV) for FACS of the widest possible grin and muscle mass was analyzed. The mean values between the two categorized groups (G-1 and G-2) based on fat infiltration into the muscle were compared. Results: A positive correlation is found between the IEIV and the muscle mass. The IEIV of G-1 is significantly larger than the corresponding value of G-2. Hence, the results indicated that the subjects with high IEIV and expressive face had thicker facial expression muscles and little fat infiltration into the muscles. Conclusion: Our objective imaging diagnostic study using FACS, MDCT, and MRI corroborated the anti-aging medical science about the facial expression muscles related to youthful facial appearance. The results of this research could contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the facial aging process and to the development of cosmetology. K E Y W O R D S anti-aging, facial action coding system (FACS), fat infiltration, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multi-detector-row computed tomography (MDCT), muscle atrophy, muscle characteristics, muscle mass, muscle of facial expression | 729 OKUDA et Al. How to cite this article: Okuda I, Yamakawa Y, Mitani N, Ota N, Kawabata M, Yoshioka N. Objective evaluation of the relationship between facial expression analysis by the facial action coding system (FACS) and CT/MRI analyses of the facial expression muscles.

Anatomic and diagnostic considerations of facial mobility for understanding the effectiveness of facial massage: A pilot study

“…In particular, multidetector row CT scan data can easily display stereoscopic anatomical information of the face by creating detailed 3-D CT images. 3,11,[14][15][16] Furthermore, upright CT has also been developed recently, which can scan patients in the upright position. 17,18 This upright CT technology has profound significance in obtaining anatomical information from the living body with vector information in downward gravity.…”

Planning of methods of surgical correction of soft tissues of the face and neck

“…Несмотря на многообразие техник коррекции возрастных изменений мягких тканей лица и шеи в своей деятельности, многие авторы отмечают важность точной оценки причин нарушения контуров лица и шеи и тем не менее часто пренебрегают использованием методов диагностики [10]. Анализ литературы показывает, что лишь единичные работы посвящены объективной диагностике причин инволюционных изменений мягких тканей лица и шеи [11]. К сожалению, практически все авторы полагаются на субъективную оценку кли- В литературе представлены единичные работы по использованию УЗИ для оценки мягких тканей лица и шеи, но нет анализа использования этого метода для предоперационной оценки степени участия различных тканей в возрастных инволютивных изменениях лица и шеи в вертикальном положении головы и шеи пациента, контроля эффективности и качества лечебных манипуляций.…”