Objective Assessment of Keloid Scars with Three-Dimensional Imaging: Quantifying Response to Intralesional Steroid Therapy

Ardehali, Ben; Nouraei, S.A.R.; Dam, Helena Van; Dex, Elizabeth; Wood, Simon; Nduka, Charles

doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000252505.52821.76

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Corticosteroid injections, which are applied intralesionally and reduce scar volume by decreasing inflammation, increasing vasoconstriction, and inhibiting fibroblast proliferation, are associated with significant side effects. The development of steroid tapes and plasters has significantly improved the effect of steroid injections when used in combination [7,8]. Besides, stem cell based treatment such as mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and skin-derived precursors in wound healing is progressively being valued, but more protracted studies are needed to determine whether the observed effects are clinically significant [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway

Jiang

Yu²,

Xia³

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Keloids are fibroproliferative scars that develop as a result of a dysregulated wound healing process; however, the molecular mechanisms of keloid pathogenesis remain unclear. Keloids are characterized by the ability to spread beyond the original boundary of the wound, and they represent a significant clinical challenge. Previous work from our group suggested that growth differentiation factor (GDF)-9 plays a role in the invasive behavior of keloids. Here, we examined the involvement of GDF-9 in keloid formation and spread and elucidated a potential underlying mechanism. Methods: The expression of GDF-9, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, vascular epidermal growth factor (VEGF)-C, matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2, MMP-9, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and the related signaling pathway components in human keloid tissues or keloid fibroblasts (kFBs) was monitored by qRT-PCR and western blot. A series of overexpression and silencing experiments in normal and keloid fibroblasts were used to modify the expression of GDF-9. The effects of GDF-9 on kFB proliferation and migration were assessed using the CCK-8, cell cycle and scratch wound healing assays. Results: GDF-9 promotes fibroblast proliferation and migration. GDF-9 silencing in kFBs decreased cell proliferation, blocked cell cycle progression, downregulated the angiogenic markers COX-2 and VEGF-C, and downregulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, whereas it had no effect on the levels of TGF-β1. GDF-9 silencing significantly inhibited Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in kFBs. Conclusions: GDF-9 promotes the proliferation and migration of kFBs via a mechanism involving the Smad2/3 pathway.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway

Jiang

Yu²,

Xia³

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Corticosteroid injections rapidly reduce the volume of a scar 28 . However, the downsides of corticosteroid injections include pain (caused by the injection itself) and difficulties associated with contraindications such as pregnancy, glaucoma, or Cushing's disease.…”

Section: Corticosteroid Tapes/plastersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars Can Now Be Cured Completely: Recent Progress in Our Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars and the Most Promising Current Therapeutic Strategy

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative disorders of the skin that are caused by abnormal healing of injured or irritated skin. It is possible that they are both manifestations of the same fibroproliferative skin disorder and just differ in terms of the intensity and duration of inflammation. These features may in turn be influenced by genetic, systemic, and local risk factors. Genetic factors may include single nucleotide polymorphisms, while systemic factors may include hypertension, pregnancy, hormones, and cytokines. The most important local factor is tension on the scar. Over the past 10 years, our understanding of the pathogenesis of keloids and hypertrophic scars has improved markedly. As a result, these previously intractable scars are now regarded as being treatable. There are many therapeutic options, including surgery, radiation, corticosteroids, 5-fluorouracil, cryotherapy, laser therapy, antiallergy agents, anti-inflammatory agents, bleaching creams and make-up therapies. However, at present, we believe that the following combination of three therapies most reliably achieves a complete cure: surgery, followed by radiation and the use of steroid tape/plaster. (J Nippon Med Sch 2016; 83: 46 53)

show abstract

“…After treating the patients for a minimum of 8 weeks, the majority of patients achieved a greater than 50% response with a mean (SD) scar volume at the start of 0.73 (0.701) mL reduced to 0.14 (0.302) mL. 3 Chowdri et al 4 reviewed their experience with 58 keloids and hypertrophic scars using intralesional corticosteroid injection. After doing serial injections at weekly intervals for 2 to 5 weeks followed by monthly injections for 4 to 6 months, more than 90% of the patients had no evidence of a recurrence at a mean follow-up of 30.5 months.…”

Section: Nonsurgical Therapy Corticosteroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Repeated injections are often required and are typically performed at 2-to 4-week intervals, with the total number of injections depending on the response and possible adverse effects. Ardehali et al 3 objectively monitored the response of keloids to intralesional triamcinolone acetate injections using 3-dimensional imaging. After treating the patients for a minimum of 8 weeks, the majority of patients achieved a greater than 50% response with a mean (SD) scar volume at the start of 0.73 (0.701) mL reduced to 0.14 (0.302) mL.…”

Section: Nonsurgical Therapy Corticosteroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scar Revision Review

Thomas

Somenek

2012

Arch Facial Plast Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scars are a natural part of dermal healing following lacerations, incisions, or tissue loss. They can vary in quality depending on the individual's racial characteristics, the mechanism of the trauma, and conditions in which the wound healed-all of which are factors beyond the surgeon's control. A scar on the face can have significant implications for the patient. What may seem like an insignificant issue to the casual observer can cause continuous frustration for the patient, affecting their daily lives. These can include psychological as well as social consequences, leading to a diminished quality of life. Factors that the surgeon can control include the favorable repositioning of the scar, proper alignment of the wound edges, and meticulous handling of the tissues.

show abstract

Objective Assessment of Keloid Scars with Three-Dimensional Imaging: Quantifying Response to Intralesional Steroid Therapy

Cited by 55 publications

References 19 publications

Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway

Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway

Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars Can Now Be Cured Completely: Recent Progress in Our Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars and the Most Promising Current Therapeutic Strategy

Scar Revision Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About