Objective assessment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in older adults compared with controls using the QbTest

Bijlenga, Denise; Ulberstad, Fredrik; Thorell, Lisa B.; Christiansen, Hanna; Hirsch, Oliver; Kooij, J. J. Sandra

doi:10.1002/gps.5163

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Furthermore, the present data show that neuropsychological functions did not differ significantly between the groups in most of the measures, except for decreased vigilance performance (i.e., more omission errors) in the ADHD group. Pronounced vigilance impairments in the ADHD group underline the prominent role of vigilance and sustained attention tests in the clinical evaluation of ADHD, as it was demonstrated in a large body of empirical research on individuals with ADHD of various age groups (Bijlenga et al, 2019; Hall et al, 2016; Marchetta et al, 2008; Slobodin et al, 2020; L. Tucha et al, 2017) and advocated in an international consensus report (Fuermaier et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Networks of Neuropsychological Functions in the Clinical Evaluation of Adult ADHD

et al. 2022

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This study applied network analysis to explore the relations between neuropsychological functions of individuals in the clinical evaluation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood. A total of 319 participants from an outpatient referral context, that is, 173 individuals with ADHD (ADHD group) and 146 individuals without ADHD (n-ADHD group), took part in this study and completed a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. A denser network with stronger global connectivity was observed in the ADHD group compared to the n-ADHD group. The strongest connections were consistent in both networks, that is, the connections between selective attention and vigilance, and connections between processing speed, fluency, and flexibility. Further centrality estimation revealed attention-related variables to have the highest expected influence in both networks. The observed relationships between neuropsychological functions, and the high centrality of attention, may help identify neuropsychological profiles that are specific to ADHD and optimize neuropsychological assessment and treatment planning of individuals with cognitive impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Networks of Neuropsychological Functions in the Clinical Evaluation of Adult ADHD

et al. 2022

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“…Ten studies with a control arm design were identified (Adamou et al, 2022;Bijlenga et al, 2019;Brunkhorst-Kanaan et al, 2020;Edebol et al, 2012Edebol et al, , 2013Emser et al, 2018;Groom et al, 2016;Hult et al, 2018;Pettersson et al, 2018;Söderström et al, 2014) (Table 2). All 10 studies assessed the ability of QbTest to discriminate between an ADHD population and one or more control populations.…”

Section: Review Of Studies Evaluating Discriminatory Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…QbTest was used as intended, but the study designs did not capture the value of adding QbTest in the diagnostic process or blinding the clinicians of the QbTest results in the control arm. Four studies reported data for a normative control population (two studies reported for a disconfirmed clinical population and two studies reported for confirmed differential diagnosis) (Bijlenga et al, 2019;Edebol et al, 2012Edebol et al, , 2013Emser et al, 2018). Six of the studies were conducted at a secondary or tertiary care facility (Adamou et al, 2022;Brunkhorst-Kanaan et al, 2020;Groom et al, 2016;Hult et al, 2018;Pettersson et al, 2018;Söderström et al, 2014).…”

Section: Review Of Studies Evaluating Discriminatory Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pooled analysis (weighted average) (95% confidence interval [CI]) (10 studies combined) (Adamou et al, 2022;Bijlenga et al, 2019;Brunkhorst-Kanaan et al, 2020;Edebol et al, 2012Edebol et al, , 2013Emser et al, 2018;Groom et al, 2016;Hult et al, 2018;Pettersson et al, 2018;Söderström et al, 2014) 0.84 (0.81-0.87) 0.84 (0.81-0.87)…”

Section: Sensitivity Specificitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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QbTest in the clinical assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review of the evidence

Gustafsson,

Hansen

2023

Mental Health Science

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The technology described in this review is QbTest. This evaluation focuses on QbTest in the clinical assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with emphasis on studies designed to evaluate the performance of QbTest as a decision support tool, that is, the intended use, and studies designed to evaluate discriminatory ability as a diagnostic test. A literature search of publications was made until May 2023. For the first part, studies investigating QbTest as a decision support tool were included. For the second part, studies designed to evaluate QbTest as a stand‐alone test were included if sufficient information for a weighted average calculation of discriminatory power was included in the publication. Eleven studies on participants with ADHD were included for which QbTest was used in the diagnostic procedures of the disorder. One prospective randomized controlled study designed to evaluate QbTest when used for its intended purpose demonstrated a reduced time to diagnosis and increased diagnostic confidence. Ten studies designed to evaluate QbTest as a diagnostic test were identified. QbTest performed well with a weighted average sensitivity of 0.89 and specificity of 0.87 across studies with normative controls. In the challenging group of population with differential diagnosis (participants referred to a secondary or tertiary clinical care level), QbTest performed with a weighted average of 0.79 and 0.71 for both sensitivity and specificity. When including only studies of robust sample size (each study arm ≥50), the weighted averages were 0.83 and 0.86 for specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The addition of a QbTest reduced the time to a diagnostic decision without compromising diagnostic accuracy in a randomized control trial. When QbTest was evaluated for discriminative ability, an overall satisfactory weighted average sensitivity and specificity was found. The intended use of QbTest is to be used as a support tool rather than a standalone test in the clinical assessment of ADHD.

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“…According to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ADHD can be divided into three categories: attention-deficit, hyperactive/impulse-control disorder, and combined ( 6 ). Studies have shown that the core symptoms of ADHD include inattention, hyperactivity and impulsiveness ( 7 ). At present, the main treatments for ADHD are drug therapy and non-drug therapy (mainly including behavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy) and combination therapy, with the purpose of improving the core symptoms of children with ADHD and reducing behavioral problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal Interventions Are More Effective in Improving Core Symptoms in Children With ADHD

Wang

2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Objective: To investigate the effect of sensory integration training combined with EEG biofeedback on core symptoms in children with ADHD.Methods: Fifty-two children with attention-deficit, hyperactive-impulsive and combined ADHD were selected. They were randomly divided into control group, sensory integration training group, EEG biofeedback group, and sensory integration training + EEG biofeedback group, and after 4 months of intervention, concentration time and impulsive- hyperactivity and hyperactivity index scores on the PSQ scale were assessed.Results: Compared with that before the intervention, the attention time was significantly increased (P < 0.01), and the impulsive-hyperactivity and hyperactivity index scores were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). After the intervention, the attention time was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the attention time of the multimodal intervention group was significantly higher than that of the single intervention group (P < 0.01), and the impulsive-hyperactivity and hyperactivity index scores were significantly lower than those of the single intervention group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Multimodal intervention can significantly improve the concentration level of children with ADHD, and significantly improve the behavioral symptoms of impulsive-hyperactivity and hyperactivity. Multimodal interventions were more effective than single interventions in improving core symptoms in children with ADHD. The results of this study provide a reference for related research and practical application.

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Objective assessment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in older adults compared with controls using the QbTest

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Networks of Neuropsychological Functions in the Clinical Evaluation of Adult ADHD

Networks of Neuropsychological Functions in the Clinical Evaluation of Adult ADHD

QbTest in the clinical assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review of the evidence

Multimodal Interventions Are More Effective in Improving Core Symptoms in Children With ADHD

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