Object location and centroiding techniques with CMOS active pixel sensors

Burns, R.D.; Shah, Jaspal Singh; Hong, Canaan Sungkuk; Pepic, S.; Lee, Ji Soo; Homsey, R.I.; Thomas, Paul J.

doi:10.1109/ted.2003.819260

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is defined when surrounding cells (but not directly adjacent) have been asserted but the centroid pixel has not. This condition flags a CENTRE signal [defined in (7)], transmitting the pixel's coordinate and issuing a local RESET signal. Furthermore, lateral inhibition [eq.…”

Section: B Binary Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Micropower Centroiding Vision Processor

Constandinou

Toumazou

2006

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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Abstract-A biologically-inspired hybrid vision chip is presented for real-time object-based processing for tasks such as centroiding, sizing and counting of enclosed objects. This system presents the first silicon retina capable of centroiding and sizing multiple objects in true parallel fashion. Based on a novel distributed algorithm, this approach uses the input image to enclose a feedback loop to realize a data-driven pulsating action. The sensor provides a resolution of 48 48 pixels with a 85 m 85 m pixel footprint and has been measured to consume 243 W at 1.8-V supply, achieving an equivalent computational efficiency of 724.64 MIPS/mW with a 500-s process time.

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Section: B Binary Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Micropower Centroiding Vision Processor

Constandinou

Toumazou

2006

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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“…The architecture of the "pixel-binary" CMOS imager chip 7,8 is well-suited to the 'parallel' readout of centroid information in a time that is limited by the response time of the on-pixel comparators. A serial readout of analog pixel data is not needed in this architecture.…”

Section: Segment Of Detector Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective frame rate is expected to be greater than 10 4 Hz, while the quantum efficiency is reduced by the smaller fill factor (occupied by on-pixel comparators and digital circuitry). As feature sizes shrink, the thickness of the photosensitive layer and other factors tend to reduce the quantum efficiency in imagers fabricated with standard CMOS processing 7 . The CMOS imager needs to be able to detect the NVG signal burst that is associated with a photocathode event.…”

Section: Cmos Imagermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic range of the irradiance is improved by a higher frame rate. The "pixel-binary" custom CMOS imager 7,8 is expected to allow a centroid rate in excess of 10 5 Hz. "Region of interest" readout schemes can also facilitate a larger dynamic range.…”

Section: Cmos Imagermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These traces indicate that a simple threshold should eliminate virtually all NVG noise that does not originate at the photocathode. The pixel-binary CMOS imager 7,8 has a response time on the order of 10 µsec, which is 70x faster than the above decay time. Hence, such an imager can follow single photocathode events.…”

Section: Temporal Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Concept for image intensifier with CMOS imager output interface

Thomas¹,

Allison

Hornsey

et al. 2004

Photonics North 2004: Photonic Applications in Astronomy, Biomedicine, Imaging, Materials Processing, and Education

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A concept is described for the detection and location of transient objects, in which a "pixel-binary" CMOS imager is used to give a very high effective frame rate for the imager. The sensitivity to incoming photons is enhanced by the use of an image intensifier in front of the imager. For faint signals and a high enough frame rate, a single "image" typically contains only a few photon or noise events. Only the event locations need be stored, rather than the full image. The processing of many such "fast frames" allows a composite image to be created. In the composite image, isolated noise events can be removed, photon shot noise effects can be spatially smoothed and moving objects can be de-blurred and assigned a velocity vector. Expected objects can be masked or removed by differencing methods. In this work, the concept of a combined image intensifier/CMOS imager is modeled. Sensitivity, location precision and other performance factors are assessed. Benchmark measurements are used to validate aspects of the model. Options for a custom CMOS imager design concept are identified within the context of the benefits and drawbacks of commercially available night vision devices and CMOS imagers.

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Visual Objects Location Based on Hand Eye Coordination

Shi

Yan

et al. 2014

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Object location and centroiding techniques with CMOS active pixel sensors

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

A Micropower Centroiding Vision Processor

A Micropower Centroiding Vision Processor

Concept for image intensifier with CMOS imager output interface

Visual Objects Location Based on Hand Eye Coordination

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