Obesity, Thrombotic Risk, and Inflammation in Cancer

Rubio-Jurado, Benjamín; Balderas-Peña, Luz-Ma-Adriana; García-Luna, Eduardo; Zavala-Cerna, María Guadalupe; Riebeling-Navarro, Carlos; Reyes, Pedro A.; Nava-Zavala, Arnulfo Hernán

doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2018.02.006

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…There is also a hypothesis of an increase in von Willebrand factor which has been noted in previous literature 4 6 7. Equally, it remains a challenge to differentiate to what degree the presence of oesophageal cancer has impacted this case given the state of increase of inflammatory and prothrombotic environment that it provides 8. Aortic thrombus, though uncommon, has been reported in a number of previous case studies and has been seen early in treatment 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

An unusual cause of paraesthesia in a neo-adjuvant gastro-oesophageal cancer

Derby¹,

Graham

McIntosh

2019

BMJ Case Rep

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There is ongoing debate about the best neo-adjuvant strategy for localised resectable oesophageal cancer, however chemotherapy is often employed. Both oesophageal cancer and cisplatin carry an increased risk of thrombosis. Here, we look at an unusual finding in a previously fit woman who presented following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for resectable oesophageal cancer with increasing difficulty in walking and lower limb paraesthesia. This case looks particularly at the diagnostic challenge and concerns raised in a patient undergoing radical treatment as well as the challenge of complications secondary to treatment with chemotherapy. Willingness to reassess and revisit is a vital part of the diagnostic process. Vascular complications of a disease can be notorious to diagnose and, as in this case can mimic arguably more logical diagnoses. Cancer care provides the unique challenge of investigating unusual presentations related both to disease and treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

An unusual cause of paraesthesia in a neo-adjuvant gastro-oesophageal cancer

Derby¹,

Graham

McIntosh

2019

BMJ Case Rep

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“…Obesity is considered as a state of inflammation, in which adipose tissue and the liver are the main sources of cytokines and inflammatory proteins. This inflammation is local and is usually triggered and secondary to metabolic changes [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin 6, Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor-1 Levels in Obesity

Alves¹,

Lopes²,

Pontes³

et al. 2020

BJSTR

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Obesity is a nutritional disease characterized by excess of adipose tissue. It is recognized as a low-grade chronic inflammation state characterized by increased serum levels of acute phase proteins such as interleukins (ILs) and cytokines. IL-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine, which is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism associated with obesity and inflammation. It plays numerous proinflammatory roles. However, IL-6 may also play an anti-inflammatory role. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in several physiological processes such as remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), healing, angiogenesis and apoptosis. They are regulated by specific tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) which block access to the active site of MMPs. A dual role for MMP-8 has been described under specific conditions: MMP-8 plays a role in the development of the inflammatory response but appears to play an anti-inflammatory role during recovery and may be crucial for this process. Aims:To determine the IL-6, MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels and compare the results between 3 groups of individuals (between 26 and 65 years): normal weight (n=8), overweight (n=11) and obese (n=22). Material and Methods:The semi-quantification of IL-6, MMP-8 and TIMP-1 was performed through the slot blot technique. Results:The levels of MMP-8 and IL-6 were higher in the group of overweight individuals than in the normal weight group and in the obese group, but the differences were not statistically significant. TIMP-1 levels were slightly elevated in the group of normal weight individuals and in the group of obese individuals, in relation to the group of overweight individuals, however the differences were not statistically significant. There was also a moderate positive correlation between glycemic levels and the percentage of visceral fat mass (p<0.0001) and between serum levels of MMP-8 and serum levels of IL-6 (p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion:The significant correlation between IL-6 levels and the percentage of visceral fat mass may be related to the fact that adipose tissue is endocrine and produce numerous factors contributing to systemic inflammation. The moderate positive correlation between serum MMP-8 levels and serum IL-6 levels may indicate that these can be stimulated by the same mechanisms in the inflammation process.

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“…Furthermore, adiposity is associated with a more aggressive breast cancer phenotype, including larger tumours, more often with nodal metastases and worse prognosis [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Thus, adiposity is linked with both cancer predisposition and cancer-dependent death [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, these pro-inflammatory agents are incident to the hypercoagulability state. On the other hand, tumour cells produce TNF-α and IL-1β, which activate pro-angiogenic growth factors to cause enhanced tumour growth [ 7 , 13 ]. Summarising, the malignant process, inflammation and the pro-coagulant state are inseparably connected with each other to create the “self-powered machine”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-Operative Combination of Normal BMI with Elevated YKL-40 and Leptin but Lower Adiponectin Level Is Linked to a Higher Risk of Breast Cancer Relapse: A Report of Four-Year Follow-Up Study

Bielawski

Rhone²,

Bulsa

et al. 2020

JCM

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Adipokines are powerful agents involved in the development of obesity-dependent cancers. This prospective study aimed to investigate the association between pre-treatment body mass index (BMI) and serum YKL-40, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations as well as the plasma activity of tissue factor (TF) and the future prognosis of early, non-metastatic breast cancer (BrC) subjects. The serum levels of YKL-40, leptin, and adiponectin as well as plasma TF activity, anthropometric parameters, and clinicopathological parameters were analysed in 81 treatment-naïve females with invasive BrC. The predictive value of YKL-40, BMI, leptin, adiponectin, and TF was determined with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Kaplan–Meier plots and log-rank and F Cox tests were used to determine the clinical outcomes of progression-free survival (PFS). The median follow-up duration was 44 months with complete follow-up for the first event. Follow-up revealed a significantly higher incidence of disease relapse in BrC patients with a high baseline concentration of YKL-40 (22.22%) and TF activity (21.43%). Body mass index was an independent predictor of survival, with women who were overweight/obese being less prone to relapse (hazard ratio (HR): 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.95). The recurrence rates for normal-weight BrC cases was 21.05% versus 7.14% for their overweight counterparts. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the strong ability of the analysed biomarkers to predict disease progression, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.823 to 0.931). In a prospective cohort of invasive BrC patients, overweight/obesity was associated with improved future outcomes. The combination of a normal BMI with high leptin and low adiponectin levels and high TF activity was associated with an increased risk of recurrence and decreased survival.

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Obesity, Thrombotic Risk, and Inflammation in Cancer

Cited by 15 publications

References 84 publications

An unusual cause of paraesthesia in a neo-adjuvant gastro-oesophageal cancer

An unusual cause of paraesthesia in a neo-adjuvant gastro-oesophageal cancer

Interleukin 6, Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor-1 Levels in Obesity

Pre-Operative Combination of Normal BMI with Elevated YKL-40 and Leptin but Lower Adiponectin Level Is Linked to a Higher Risk of Breast Cancer Relapse: A Report of Four-Year Follow-Up Study

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