Obesity Risk-Factor Variation Based on Island Clusters: A Secondary Analysis of Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018

Abstract

Obesity has become a rising global health problem affecting quality of life for adults. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of obesity in Indonesian adults based on the cluster of islands. The study also aims to identify the risk factors of obesity in each island cluster. This study analyzes the secondary data of Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018. Data for this analysis comprised 618,910 adults (≥18 years) randomly selected, proportionate to the population size throughout Indonesia. We included 20 variables for the socio-demographic and obesity-related risk factors for analysis. The obesity status was defined using Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. Our current study defines 7 major island clusters as the unit analysis consisting of 34 provinces in Indonesia. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the characteristics of the population and to calculate the prevalence of obesity within the provinces in each of the island clusters. Multivariate logistic regression analyses to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) was performed using R version 3.6.3. The study results show that all the island clusters have at least one province with an obesity prevalence above the national prevalence (35.4%). Six out of twenty variables, comprising four dietary factors (the consumption of sweet food, high-salt food, meat, and carbonated drinks) and one psychological factor (mental health disorders), varied across the island clusters. In conclusion, there was a variation of obesity prevalence of the provinces within and between island clusters. The variation of risk factors found in each island cluster suggests that a government rethink of the current intervention strategies to address obesity is recommended.

Research Trends in Advanced Glycation End Products and Obesity: Bibliometric Analysis

“…This increase in the number of publications may have been affected by several factors. The first is the increased prevalence of obesity in nearly all countries, both developed and developing countries [43,44]. Obesity is no longer limited to a certain socio-economic group [45].…”

Pemodelan Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) dalam Prevalensi Obesitas Dewasa Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia Tahun 2018

“…Di sisi lain, analisis spasial untuk prevalensi obesitas di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas tahun 2018 dilakukan pada level provinsi dan kelompok pulau seperti pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Thamrin, et al (2022) yang menunjukan bahwa faktor risiko obesitas bervariasi pada level tersebut. Sementara, pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Ayuningtyas, et al (2022) dengan sumber data yang sama diperoleh hasil yang signifikan untuk disparitas geografis dan sosio ekonomi pada obesitas orang dewasa di level kabupaten/kota seluruh Indonesia.…”

“…Rata-rata lama sekolah dan proporsi kebiasaan konsumsi minuman berkarbonasi berlebih secara berturutturut signifikan berpengaruh positif di 501 dan 425 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia, hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Thamrin, et al (2022) dimana orang dewasa dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah memiliki risiko lebih rendah untuk mengalami obesitas dibandingkan dengan orang dengan tingkat pendidikan tinggi. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan minuman manis yang lebih banyak dikaitkan dengan kelebihan berat badan pada anak-anak dan orang dewasa (Arundhana, et al, 2018).…”

Risk Factor Analysis for Stroke Incidence in North Sulawesi: Based on the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research

“…A study conducted by Thamrin et al showed that people living in eastern parts of Indonesia, such as Sulawesi, Bali, and Nusa Tenggara, tend to consume high-fat foods, thus increasing the risk of obesity. 19 Based on the National and Sub-National Disease Burden Analysis report for Indonesia in 2017, stroke remains a major cause of death in Indonesia. 20 The 2018 Riskesdas report noted that the proportion of stroke patients in the age range of 35 to 44 years is three times higher than the age group of 15-34 years old.…”