Obesity represents a strong pathogenetic link with the pathology of pregnancy and childbirth

Seryogina, Darya S.; Nikolayenkov, Igor P.; Kuzminykh, Tatyana U.

doi:10.17816/jowd69273-82

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…According to the World Health Organization, obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m 2 and is becoming a non-infectious epidemic of the 21st century, reaching epidemic proportions in both developing and developed countries [ 23 , 24 ]. The prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age is rising, and it is becoming a common risk factor in obstetrics [ 25 ]. Overweight or obese women are more prone to experiencing excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy compared to women with normal weight.…”

Section: Obstetric Complications In Women With Obesity and Diabetes M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetes is a condition characterized by increased blood glucose levels and glucose intolerance, detected for the first-time during pregnancy (GDM) or before conception (pre-gestational diabetes) [ 27 ]. GDM is a significant health concern occurring in 2–6% of pregnancies, and in the presence of pre-pregnancy obesity, it rises to 17% in industrialized countries [ 25 ]. The detection of GDM includes the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for every healthy pregnant woman at around 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy, and sooner for women in high-risk groups [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Obstetric Complications In Women With Obesity and Diabetes M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Obesity and Diabetes in Pregnant Women on Their Immunity and Vaccination

et al. 2023

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Pregnant women with obesity and diabetes are at increased risk of developing infections and other complications during pregnancy. Several mechanisms are involved in the immunological mechanisms that contribute to reduced immunity in these populations. Both obesity and diabetes are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation that can lead to an overactive immune response. Pregnant women with obesity and diabetes often have an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, leptin, and resistin, which are involved in the inflammatory response. Insulin resistance can also affect the functioning of immune cells. Furthermore, both conditions alter the composition of the gut microbiome, which produces a variety of biomolecules, including short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, and other metabolites. These substances may contribute to immune dysfunction. In addition to increasing the risk of infections, obesity and diabetes can also affect the efficacy of vaccinations in pregnant women. Pregnant women with obesity and diabetes are at increased risk of developing severe illness and complications from COVID-19, but COVID-19 vaccination may help protect them and their fetuses from infection and its associated risks. Since both obesity and diabetes classify a pregnancy as high risk, it is important to elucidate the impact of these diseases on immunity and vaccination during pregnancy. Research examining the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in a high-risk pregnant population should be of particular value to obstetricians whose patients are hesitant to vaccinate during pregnancy. Further research is needed to better understand these mechanisms and to develop effective interventions to improve immune function in these populations.

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Section: Obstetric Complications In Women With Obesity and Diabetes M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obstetric Complications In Women With Obesity and Diabetes M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Obesity and Diabetes in Pregnant Women on Their Immunity and Vaccination

et al. 2023

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Indicators of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes as predictors of the development of metabolic disorders in primary obesity

Никишова

Kurnikova

2021

Kazan Med J

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Aim. To assess the effectiveness of indicators of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes in the early diagnosis of metabolic disorders. Methods. The study included 269 women of fertile age with primary obesity. The control group consisted of 35 women. The clinical examination included identification of the type of obesity, whole-body fat percentage, the level of glycemia and the index of insulin resistance, biochemical markers of lipids, hormones (leptin and insulin), malondialdehyde and enzyme activity (peroxidase and catalase). The statistical significance of the differences was determined by using the inversion test. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the degree of relationship between quantitative characteristics, and scatter diagrams were used to compare two variables (Statistica software version 10.0). Results. A statistically significant increase in basal and stimulated immunoreactive insulin was found in obese patients compared with the controls (p 0.01). Stimulated immunoreactive insulin levels, insulin resistance score (HOMA-IR) and the level of leptin in the group of patients with android obesity was higher than in the group with gynoid obesity (p 0.01). The relationship between the concentration of serum malondialdehyde and whole-body fat percentage was found to be more significant (r=0.412; p 0.001) than the relationship with the type of obesity (r=0.257; p 0.01). Positive correlations were found between serum malondialdehyde and insulin (r=0.35; p 0.001) and leptin (r=0.32; p 0.001) levels. The relationship between the concentration of serum malondialdehyde and the activity of enzyme systems was also noted. The activity of lipid peroxidation was higher in the group of patients with android obesity (malondialdehyde 3.3 mol/L) compared with the group of patients with gynoid obesity. In the same group, a higher activity of enzyme systems was noted. Conclusion. An increase in the concentration of serum malondialdehyde and the activity of enzyme systems should be considered as indicators of a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome.

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Pregnancy outcomes in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: An observational cohort prospective study

Grudnitskaya,

Nebyshynets

2024

Kuban. nauсh. med. vestnik

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Background. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease is the subject of research in a large number of medical specialties, as it leads to an aggravated course of various diseases. In the presence of this pathology during pregnancy, the incidence of such complications as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and placental abruption increases. Failure to carry a pregnancy to term can be associated with various causes, including the activity of myocytes, while the pathology in question involves the connective tissue of the uterus. In this connection, it seems necessary to study the impact of undifferentiated connective tissue disease on pregnancy outcomes in order to administer timely treatment.Objectives. To assess how undifferentiated connective tissue disease affects the risk of failure to carry a pregnancy to term.Methods. An observational cohort prospective study was conducted among pregnant women who were under antenatal care in 2021–2022. The study was performed at the premises of the Clinical Maternity Hospital of Minsk Region (Republic of Belarus). The patients were divided into two groups: an exposed group comprising 59 patients with diagnosed undifferentiated connective tissue disease and a nonexposed group comprising 59 patients without this pathology. Both groups were divided into subgroups according to the obstetric outcome. The exposed group included a subgroup of 17 undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients who had failed to carry pregnancy to term (miscarriage and preterm labor) and a subgroup of 42 undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients with delivery at term. The nonexposed group included a subgroup of five women without undifferentiated connective tissue disease who had failed to carry pregnancy to term (miscarriage and preterm labor) and a subgroup of 54 women without undifferentiated connective tissue disease and with delivery at term. According to ICD-10, abortive outcomes occurred before 21 weeks and six days gestation; labor that occurred at 22–36 weeks and six days gestation was considered preterm, whereas in the case of delivery at term, the baby was born at 37–41 weeks and six days gestation. The obstetric, gynecological, and somatic history, as well as pregnancy outcomes, were analyzed. Statistical processing of data was performed using the following software: Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft, USA), Microsoft Excel 2016, Epi InfoTM 7.2.6.0 (USA), and MedCalc 15.8 (MedCalc Software, Belgium). In hypothesis testing, differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. In the group of undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients, metrorrhagia was statistically significantly more common than in the patients without undifferentiated connective tissue disease: 18 out of 59 (30.5 %) and six out of 59 (10.2 %), respectively, p = 0.012. The obstetric history revealed no statistically significant intergroup differences, p > 0.05. In the undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients, the following diseases were statistically significantly more common: myopia, spinal scoliosis, lower limb varicose veins, chronic tonsillitis, mitral valve prolapse, and iron deficiency anemia (p < 0.05). The incidence of new cases of failure to carry a pregnancy to term in the cohort during the observation period amounted to 18.6 % for the patients in both groups. The pregnancy ended prematurely in 17 out of the 59 undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients (28.8 %) and in five out of the 59 patients without undifferentiated connective tissue disease (8.5 %), relative risk of 3.4 (95 % CI:1.3–8.6), p = 0.005.Conclusion. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease increases the risk of failure to carry a pregnancy to term by 3.4 times. Timely diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated connective tissue disease at the stage of preconception preparation can reduce the incidence of failure to carry a pregnancy to term.

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Obesity represents a strong pathogenetic link with the pathology of pregnancy and childbirth

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Impact of Obesity and Diabetes in Pregnant Women on Their Immunity and Vaccination

Impact of Obesity and Diabetes in Pregnant Women on Their Immunity and Vaccination

Indicators of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes as predictors of the development of metabolic disorders in primary obesity

Pregnancy outcomes in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: An observational cohort prospective study

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