Obesity-related immune responses and their impact on surgical outcomes

Quante, Markus; Dietrich, Arne; Elkhal, Abdallah; Tullius, Stefan G.

doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.21

Cited by 51 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…This contrasts the epidemiological evidence linking obesity with poor survival for several other types of cancer (e.g., colon, leukemia). [7][8][9][10] Lung cancer is one of the leading malignancies and causes of death worldwide, 11 and obesity has become a major risk factor for cancer. Given the increasing comorbidity of obesity and lung cancer, new complexity lies ahead for thoracic oncologists to deliberate on the exact impact of obesity on lung cancer treatment and survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer Prognosis: Evolving Biological Insights and Clinical Implications

Zhang

Liu

Shao

et al. 2017

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

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The survival rate of lung cancer remains low despite the progress of surgery and chemotherapy. With the increasing comorbidity of obesity in patients with lung cancer, new challenges are emerging in the management of this patient population. A key issue of interest is the prognostic effect of obesity on surgical and chemotherapeutic outcomes in patients with lung cancer, which is fueled by the growing observation of survival benefits in overweight or obese patients. This unexpected inverse relationship between obesity and lung cancer mortality, called the obesity paradox, remains poorly understood. The evolving insights into the heterogeneity of obesity phenotypes and associated biological connections with lung cancer progression in recent years may help explain some of the seemingly paradoxical relationship, and well-designed clinical studies looking at the causal role of obesity-associated molecules are expected. Here, we examine potential biological mechanisms behind the protective effects of obesity in lung cancer. We highlight the need to clarify the clinical implications of this relationship toward an updated intervention strategy in the clinical care of patients with lung cancer and obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer Prognosis: Evolving Biological Insights and Clinical Implications

Zhang

Liu

Shao

et al. 2017

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

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“…(1)(2)(3)(4) Bariatric surgery affects obesity-induced inflammation through upregulation of adiponectin and IL-10, reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, and induction of a reparative T cell phenotype. (18) We showed that SG in rats reduced jejunal IL-17 and IL-23 as well as distal jejunal INFγ, which correlated with weight loss and improved glucose handling. (19) Additionally, in a longitudinal human study of SG-induced circulating immunologic phenotype, we identified a reduction in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, circulating IL-6, and circulating CRP levels across subjects (unpublished).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Weight and organ specific immune cell profiling of Sleeve Gastrectomy

Harris

Subramaniam

Brenner

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractSleeve gastrectomy (SG) has profound, immediate weight-loss independent effects on obesity related diabetes (T2D). Our prior studies have shown that immunologic remodeling may play a part in this metabolic improvement. However, to date, little is known about how the major immune cell populations change following SG. Using mass cytometry with time of flight analysis (CyTOF) we aimed to broadly explore the organ-specific immune cell repertoire induced by SG. Surgery was performed on obese, insulin resistant and lean mice in order to understand surgery-specific phenotypes. We identified a shift within the splenic B cell compartment with a reduction in follicular and an increase in innate-like B cell subsets in SG animals. There was a concomitant increase in multiple circulating immunoglobulin classes. Further, SG animals had a conserved increase in splenic neutrophils and a tendency toward M2 macrophage polarization. Others have shown that these, weight-loss independent, surgery-specific changes are linked to improved glucose metabolism and thus, may be a major contributor to post SG physiology. Characterizing the complex immune milieu following SG is an important step toward understanding the physiology of SG and the potential therapies therein.

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“…This likely reflects, at least in part, the relationship between obesity and risk of complications . Even in the absence of specific complications, obesity may slow the process of recovery due to chronic overstimulation of inflammatory pathways . The average financial charges related to care was also significantly higher for patients with obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High body weight exacerbates the risk of many forms of negative physical health outcomes and creates a low‐level but chronic state of elevated inflammation throughout the body, impairing immune functioning . Body mass index (BMI) is often used to define high body weight, with a BMI of 25.0 kg/m 2 or greater indicating overweight status, and a BMI of 30.0 kg/m 2 or greater indicating obesity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and hospital outcomes following traumatic injury: Associations in 9 years of patient data from a single metropolitan area

2019

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Traumatic injury is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Obesity may put trauma patients at risk for complications leading to negative clinical outcomes. Data on all hospital admissions due to traumatic injury in the Detroit metropolitan area between 2006 and 2014 were obtained from the Michigan State Inpatient Database. Generalized linear modelling was used to compare patients with and without obesity on three outcomes: mortality, length of hospital stay and total charges for care. Adjusting for demographics, patients with obesity had 26% longer hospitalization. Adjusting for demographics and length of stay, charges were 8% higher. Obesity was unrelated to mortality. Obesity had greater impact on length of stay among younger adults; its relationship with charges emerged only among older adults. Obesity has significant clinical implications for trauma care. Demands for trauma care resources, and the charges associated with providing care, are likely to increase as obesity rates rise.

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Obesity-related immune responses and their impact on surgical outcomes

Cited by 51 publications

References 96 publications

Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer Prognosis: Evolving Biological Insights and Clinical Implications

Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer Prognosis: Evolving Biological Insights and Clinical Implications

Weight and organ specific immune cell profiling of Sleeve Gastrectomy

Obesity and hospital outcomes following traumatic injury: Associations in 9 years of patient data from a single metropolitan area

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