Obesity-related hypertension: a review of pathophysiology, management, and the role of metabolic surgery

Shariq, Omair A.; McKenzie, Travis J.

doi:10.21037/gs.2019.12.03

Cited by 140 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…For the purpose of increasing the accuracy of the study, except for four patients (0.04%) with fasting blood glucose greater than 10 mmol/L who were given insulin to interfere with blood glucose, all patients were given oral metformin to control blood glucose due to the intervention in other links of the drug is small. 2 After comprehensive intervention, the patients lost 5% of their body weight every three months was set as a node, respectively 5%, 10%, 15%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Obese patients suffer from insulin sensitivity reduction and insulin resistance formation due to the decrease of insulin receptor density in fat, thus causing hyperinsulinemia, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular related diseases and neurological diseases of patients, and weight loss may constitute an important part of comprehensive treatment for patients with Type-2 diabetes. 2 - 5 It is recommended in the guidelines for obesity that appropriate 5 - 10% weight loss can achieve significant metabolic improvement. Compared with 10% weight loss, 5% weight loss seems to be easier and has better compliance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Correlation between Metabolism, Insulin Sensitivity and progressive weight loss change in Type-2 Diabetes

et al. 2020

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Objective: To observe the changes of lipid metabolism, blood glucose level and insulin sensitivity in patients with Type-2 diabetes after progressive weight loss of their body weight, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for diabetes treatment and education in the future. Methods: One hundred obese patients with Type-2 diabetes (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) who visited the endocrinology department of our hospital from April 2017 to April 2018 were given diabetes health education, diabetic diet, exercise and other measures to control their weight. The changes of blood glucose, blood lipid, insulin level and insulin release test before weight loss (T1), and at the time points of weight loss reached 5% (T2), 10% (T3) and 15% (T4) were recorded respectively to understand the influence of progressive weight loss on relevant indexes of patients. Results: With the decrease of body weight, the differences of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C at different weight loss points were significant (p < 0.05), and the changes of fasting blood glucose in 5% and 10% weight loss were significant (p = 0.02). The 2h postprandial blood glucose showed the most significant difference when the weight loss reached 15% (p = 0.00). There was no statistical difference in the change of glycosylated hemoglobin among different weight loss points (p = 0.08). When the weight loss reached 10%, the blood insulin level was significantly lower than that before the weight loss, while the insulin level was not significantly changed when the weight loss reached 15%, but the peak of secretion was shifted forward. It is suggested that insulin sensitivity gradually increases with weight loss. Conclusion: Obese patients with Type-2 diabetes can benefit from weight loss, with abnormal blood glucose and lipid metabolism improved, insulin resistance relieved, and insulin sensitivity increased. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3027 How to cite this:Kong DX, Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y. Study on the Correlation between Metabolism, Insulin Sensitivity and progressive weight loss change in Type-2 Diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3027 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Correlation between Metabolism, Insulin Sensitivity and progressive weight loss change in Type-2 Diabetes

et al. 2020

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“…The cytokines can work as both pro-in ammatory and anti-in ammatory factors to regulate the in ammatory response and in ammation-based immune response can be bene cial in reducing cellular and tissue damage due to oxidative stress and ischemic condition [72]. Whereas, in order to maintain 'body weight homeostasis' in high-energy demanding environments like high altitude leads to an increase in blood pressure for maintaining oxygen saturation in tissues to meet the energy demand [73]. Energy demand increases due to the initiation of a negative energy balance mechanism because of acute exposure at high-altitude, which is associated with the loss of appetite (Anorexia) and leads to weight loss [74].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, adipokines like acylationstimulating protein (ASP), adiponectin and IL-6 have been proposed as a biomarker for alterations in metabolism due to high-altitude ascent at 5300m [78]. Also, the relationship between excess adiposity and increased blood pressure is well established [73,79]. The meta-in ammation process has been widely studied in obese individuals and obesity is a well-established risk factor for high-altitude diseases like AMS), especially for the Tibetan plateau region [80,81].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Biology led identification of critical miRNA modules for High Altitude hypoxia and their potential as dietary supplements

Gupta¹,

Sugadev²,

Sharma³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Early ascent to high altitude can cause severe damage to body functions and may lead to many fatal high-altitude disorders. To cope up with such conditions, the human body undergoes physiological and biochemical changes in order to adapt to extreme environmental conditions at high altitudes. Several microRNAs (miRNAs), Transcription Factors (TFs), and genes have been studied separately for their role in early adaptive molecular responses. We hypothesize that network analysis of miRNA-TF-gene co-regulatory networks of circulatory miRNAs (CmiRNAs) which are differentially expressed at high altitudes could reveal a complex regulatory functional module that might be controlling molecular adaptive responses at high altitude. A comprehensive and non-redundant list of differentially expressed human CmiRNAs during high altitude ascent was collated and 470 Feed-Forward Loops (FFLs) tripartite motifs were identified in the miRNA-TF-gene co-regulatory networks. Network analysis and K-means clustering identified 11 biologically overrepresented FFLs regulated by 8 miRNAs hsa-miR-335-5p, hsa-miR-26a-1-3p, hsa-miR-210-3p, hsa-miR-193b-3p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-5582-5p and hsa-miR-130a-3p. Pathway enrichment identified metabolism and inflammation as important hallmark responses responsible for high altitude adaptation. These miRNAs were evaluated for their supplementation from dietary sources. Phylogenetic analysis with 4 other mammalian and non-mammalian species showed that Bos taurus (cattle) milk could be a possible source of these dietary miRNAs. Exogenous miRNAs bta-mir-16-1, bta-mir-130a, bta-miR-335, and bta-miR-210 have >95% of sequence similarity and could become potential dietary miRNAs candidates. The sequence, structural properties, and high AGO2 binding efficiency of all these exogenous miRNAs show good serum stability and cellular uptake possibility in the mammalian host. Bta-miR-210 with highest Minimal Folding free Energy Index (MFEI) and highest Atomic Contact Energy (ACE) with AGO2 has the best potential to be a dietary supplement.

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“…Проблема розвитку артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ) у пацієнтів із надлишком маси тіла є однією з найважливіших для сучасної медицини України. Її значущість пояснюється як значною поширеністю обох цих патологій, так і значним ризиком виникнення серцево-судинних катастроф у пацієнтів із надлишком маси тіла за наявності супутньої гіпертонічної хвороби [1,2].…”

Section: вступunclassified

К Вопросу Развития Артериальной Гипертензии У Городских Жителей С Ожирением

Yefimenko¹,

Misyura²

2021

Mìžnarodnij endokrinologìčnij žurnal

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Background. The relevance of the study is due to the need to optimize the prevention of arterial hypertension (AH) among the urban population of Ukraine, primarily those with obesity. The purpose was to detail the features of AH development in obese urban residents, and to develop a method for predicting AH in this category of the population. Materials and methods. A total of 1,094 residents of the city of Kharkiv who had not been treated for obesity and AH were examined. Body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure were evaluated. Bioimpedance analysis was used to study body composition, immunoassay — serum levels of insulin, leptin, renin, aldosterone and clusterin. Features of central hemodynamics were assessed by the method of integral body rheography: stroke volume (ml), cardiac output (L/min), stroke volume index (ml/m2), cardiac index (L/min/m2) were determined. Results. It was found that middle-aged urban residents with obesity require intensification of preventive work in terms of AH development. In men, it should be started even before the age of 40. Development of concomitant pathology of AH and obesity in middle-aged people is due to the presence of insulin resistance, which is accompanied by changes in the circulating levels of insulin, leptin, aldosterone, in the stroke volume index and total peripheral vascular resistance, the occurrence of low-grade systemic inflammation in the body. Patients with obesity and AH differ from those with AH without obesity in terms of the level of volemia, the severity of changes in hemodynamics caused by the functioning of the heart, total peripheral vascular resistance, the degree of changes in the renin-aldosterone system, and the intensity of low-grade systemic inflammation. The results of the work made it possible to assert that one of the factors that primarily determine the development and progression of obesity in this category of the population is insulin resistance. Integral body rheography, a method for detecting changes in the stroke volume index, is an informative marker for the development and progression of AH. The presence of concomitant pathology of AH and obesity is characterized by changes in the levels of leptin and clusterin compared to the patients with obesity without hypertension, which should also be taken into account when developing therapeutic approaches. Conclusions. The approaches to the prognostic classification (created using the discriminant analysis program) of middle-aged urban residents — representatives of the Ukrainian population, identified in the process of work, can become the basis for optimizing the algorithms for the formation of risk groups for the development of obesity and AH.

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Obesity-related hypertension: a review of pathophysiology, management, and the role of metabolic surgery

Cited by 140 publications

References 131 publications

Study on the Correlation between Metabolism, Insulin Sensitivity and progressive weight loss change in Type-2 Diabetes

Study on the Correlation between Metabolism, Insulin Sensitivity and progressive weight loss change in Type-2 Diabetes

Network Biology led identification of critical miRNA modules for High Altitude hypoxia and their potential as dietary supplements

К Вопросу Развития Артериальной Гипертензии У Городских Жителей С Ожирением

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