Obesity Management in the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zunica, Elizabeth R. M.; Heintz, Elizabeth C.; Axelrod, Christopher L.; Kirwan, John P.

doi:10.3390/cancers14164051

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(174 reference statements)

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“…Despite the advances in recognition of HCC and its aetiologies, 5‐year survival rate of this cancer is only 21% 81 . Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, alcoholic cirrhosis, aflatoxin‐contaminated food consumption, NASH, metabolic disorders and MAFLD are among the significant risk factors of HCC 82,83 . The risk factors of HCC usually contribute to liver injury by inducing chronic liver inflammation.…”

Section: Gdf11 In Liver‐associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

GDF11: An emerging therapeutic target for liver diseases and fibrosis

Habibi,

Falamarzi,

Ebrahimi

et al. 2024

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), also known as bone morphogenetic protein 11 (BMP11), has been identified as a key player in various biological processes, including embryonic development, aging, metabolic disorders and cancers. GDF11 has also emerged as a critical component in liver development, injury and fibrosis. However, the effects of GDF11 on liver physiology and pathology have been a subject of debate among researchers due to conflicting reported outcomes. While some studies suggest that GDF11 has anti‐aging properties, others have documented its senescence‐inducing effects. Similarly, while GDF11 has been implicated in exacerbating liver injury, it has also been shown to have the potential to reduce liver fibrosis. In this narrative review, we present a comprehensive report of recent evidence elucidating the diverse roles of GDF11 in liver development, hepatic injury, regeneration and associated diseases such as non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We also explore the therapeutic potential of GDF11 in managing various liver pathologies.

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Section: Gdf11 In Liver‐associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

GDF11: An emerging therapeutic target for liver diseases and fibrosis

Habibi,

Falamarzi,

Ebrahimi

et al. 2024

J Cellular Molecular Medi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This dietary approach—rich in vegetables and antioxidants—has “healthy” consequences on the remodeling of the gut microbiota by promoting the growth of good bacteria that promote SCFA synthesis and degrade toxic metabolites [ 86 ]. Overall, the prevention of these diseases may be related to the prevention of MAFLD progression [ 87 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Gut Microbiota: From Fatty Liver to Dysmetabolic Syndrome

et al. 2023

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Metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the recent nomenclature designation that associates the condition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with metabolic dysfunction. Its diagnosis has been debated in the recent period and is generally associated with a diagnosis of steatosis and at least one pathologic condition among overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic dysregulation. Its pathogenesis is defined by a “multiple-hit” model and is associated with alteration or dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. The pathogenic role of dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been investigated in many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and NAFLD. However, only a few works correlate it with MAFLD, although common pathogenetic links to these diseases are suspected. This review underlines the most recurrent changes in the gut microbiota of patients with MAFLD, while also evidencing possible pathogenetic links.

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“…Bariatric metabolic surgery can result in sustained weight loss in obese patients, while improving insulin resistance, T2DM (92% remission rate), dyslipidaemia (76% remission rate), OSA (96% remission rate), inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular risk factors (58% remission rate) [ 32 ]. Consequently, observational studies have suggested a reduction in cancer incidence following bariatric surgery for morbid obesity, particularly in future gynaecological malignancies (endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer) but also in some non-hormone-associated cancers [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Future Cancer Risk

Wilson

Lathigara

Kaushal

2023

IJMS

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The study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for the prevention of future cancers following bariatric surgery. A systematic literature search of the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases (2007–2023), Google Scholar and grey literature was conducted. A meta-analysis was performed using the inverse variance method and random effects model. Thirty-two studies involving patients with obesity who received bariatric surgery and control patients who were managed with conventional treatment were included. The meta-analysis suggested bariatric surgery was associated with a reduced overall incidence of cancer (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46–0.84, p < 0.002), obesity-related cancer (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.39–0.90, p = 0.01) and cancer-associated mortality (RR 0.51, 95% CI 0.42–0.62, p < 0.00001). In specific cancers, bariatric surgery was associated with reduction in the future incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (RR 0.35, 95% CI 0.22–0.55, p < 0.00001), colorectal cancer (RR 0.63, CI 0.50–0.81, p = 0.0002), pancreatic cancer (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29–0.93, p = 0.03) and gallbladder cancer (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18–0.96, p = 0.04), as well as female specific cancers, including breast cancer (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.44–0.71, p < 0.00001), endometrial cancer (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.26–0.55, p < 0.00001) and ovarian cancer (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.31–0.64, p < 0.0001). There was no significant reduction in the incidence of oesophageal, gastric, thyroid, kidney, prostate cancer or multiple myeloma after bariatric surgery as compared to patients with morbid obesity who did not have bariatric surgery. Obesity-associated carcinogenesis is closely related to metabolic syndrome; visceral adipose dysfunction; aromatase activity and detrimental cytokine, adipokine and exosomal miRNA release. Bariatric surgery results in long-term weight loss in morbidly obese patients and improves metabolic syndrome. Bariatric surgery may decrease future overall cancer incidence and mortality, including the incidence of seven obesity-related cancers.

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Obesity Management in the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cited by 17 publications

References 178 publications

GDF11: An emerging therapeutic target for liver diseases and fibrosis

GDF11: An emerging therapeutic target for liver diseases and fibrosis

Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Gut Microbiota: From Fatty Liver to Dysmetabolic Syndrome

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Future Cancer Risk

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