Obesity Is Associated With Gene Expression and Imaging Markers of Iron Accumulation in Skeletal Muscle

Moreno-Navarrete, José María; Blasco, Gerard; Xifra, Gemma; Karczewska-Kupczewska, Monika; Stefanowicz, Magdalena; Matulewicz, Natalia; Puig, Josep; Ortega, Francisco; Ricart, Wifredo; Strączkowski, Marek; Fernández-Real, José Manuel

doi:10.1210/jc.2015-3303

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…According to Zhao and Enns [ 44 ] and Becker et al [ 45 ], the down-regulation of FPN1 results in reduced iron export across the enterocyte membrane and increased iron sequestration within intestinal enterocytes, hepatocytes and iron-recycling macrophages causing local iron overload. Many studies in obese subjects demonstrated increased iron content in the liver, macrophages, and adipose tissue producing the condition for the adverse effect of iron overload [ 5 , 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroportin-Hepcidin Axis in Prepubertal Obese Children with Sufficient Daily Iron Intake

Gajewska¹,

Ambroszkiewicz²,

Klemarczyk³

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Iron metabolism may be disrupted in obesity, therefore, the present study assessed the iron status, especially ferroportin and hepcidin concentrations, as well as associations between the ferroportin-hepcidin axis and other iron markers in prepubertal obese children. The following were determined: serum ferroportin, hepcidin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), iron concentrations and values of hematological parameters as well as the daily dietary intake in 40 obese and 40 normal-weight children. The ferroportin/hepcidin and ferritin/hepcidin ratios were almost two-fold lower in obese children (p = 0.001; p = 0.026, respectively). Similar iron concentrations (13.2 vs. 15.2 µmol/L, p = 0.324), the sTfR/ferritin index (0.033 vs. 0.041, p = 0.384) and values of hematological parameters were found in obese and control groups, respectively. Iron daily intake in the obese children examined was consistent with recommendations. In this group, the ferroportin/hepcidin ratio positively correlated with energy intake (p = 0.012), dietary iron (p = 0.003) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.024). In the multivariate regression model an association between the ferroportin/hepcidin ratio and the sTfR/ferritin index in obese children (β = 0.399, p = 0.017) was found. These associations did not exist in the controls. The results obtained suggest that in obese children with sufficient iron intake, the altered ferroportin-hepcidin axis may occur without signs of iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia. The role of other micronutrients, besides dietary iron, may also be considered in the iron status of these children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroportin-Hepcidin Axis in Prepubertal Obese Children with Sufficient Daily Iron Intake

Gajewska¹,

Ambroszkiewicz²,

Klemarczyk³

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Obese subjects were followed every 6 months. In 14 of these participants, weight loss was achieved, leading to a safe and steady weight loss of 0.5–1 kg week −1 , as specified elsewhere . ANGPTL‐4 was again measured after the 2 years of follow‐up.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma ANGPTL‐4 is Associated with Obesity and Glucose Tolerance: Cross‐Sectional and Longitudinal Findings

Barja-Fernández

Moreno-Navarrete

Folgueira

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Patients with high body mass index have increased levels of hepcidin [ 83 ], likely due to adiposity-related inflammation [ 84 ], resulting in restricted dietary iron absorption [ 85 ] and reduced TSAT levels [ 82 ]. As in other inflammatory conditions, serum ferritin levels are higher than in nonobese individuals [ 86 ]. Older patients are also prone to absolute iron deficiency due to factors such as an iron-poor diet and medications that inhibit dietary iron absorption [ 87 ].…”

Section: Special Situations Affecting Serum Ferritin Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations of Serum Ferritin in Diagnosing Iron Deficiency in Inflammatory Conditions

Dignaß

Farrag

Stein

2018

International Journal of Chronic Diseases

181

213

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Patients with inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic heart failure (CHF), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high rates of iron deficiency with adverse clinical consequences. Under normal circumstances, serum ferritin levels are a sensitive marker for iron status but ferritin is an acute-phase reactant that becomes elevated in response to inflammation, complicating the diagnosis. Proinflammatory cytokines also trigger an increase in hepcidin, which restricts uptake of dietary iron and promotes sequestration of iron by ferritin within storage sites. Patients with inflammatory conditions may thus have restricted availability of iron for erythropoiesis and other cell functions due to increased hepcidin expression, despite normal or high levels of serum ferritin. The standard threshold for iron deficiency (<30 μg/L) therefore does not apply and transferrin saturation (TSAT), a marker of iron availability, should also be assessed. A serum ferritin threshold of <100 μg/L or TSAT < 20% can be considered diagnostic for iron deficiency in CHF, CKD, and IBD. If serum ferritin is 100–300 μg/L, TSAT < 20% is required to confirm iron deficiency. Routine surveillance of serum ferritin and TSAT in these at-risk groups is advisable so that iron deficiency can be detected and managed.

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Obesity Is Associated With Gene Expression and Imaging Markers of Iron Accumulation in Skeletal Muscle

Abstract: These findings emphasize a significant iron accumulation in human skeletal muscle in association with obesity. The mechanisms implicated in these observations should be studied further.

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Ferroportin-Hepcidin Axis in Prepubertal Obese Children with Sufficient Daily Iron Intake

Ferroportin-Hepcidin Axis in Prepubertal Obese Children with Sufficient Daily Iron Intake

Plasma ANGPTL‐4 is Associated with Obesity and Glucose Tolerance: Cross‐Sectional and Longitudinal Findings

Limitations of Serum Ferritin in Diagnosing Iron Deficiency in Inflammatory Conditions

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