Obesity‐induced metabolic stresses in breast and colon cancer

Sung, Mi‐Kyung; Yeon, Jee-Young; Park, Shin-Young; Park, Jung Han Yoon; Choi, Myung‐Sook

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06094.x

Cited by 65 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Another dietary risk factor for colorectal cancer is high fat (30). Expression profiling in mice revealed significant differences for genes downstream of PPARA, a major regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes with Aberrant Expression in Murine Preneoplastic Intestine Show Epigenetic and Expression Changes in Normal Mucosa of Colon Cancer Patients

Leclerc

Lévesque

Cao

et al. 2013

Cancer Prevention Research

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An understanding of early genetic/epigenetic changes in colorectal cancer would aid in diagnosis and prognosis. To identify these changes in human preneoplastic tissue, we first studied our mouse model in which Mthfr þ/À BALB/c mice fed folate-deficient diets develop intestinal tumors in contrast to MthfrBALB/c mice fed control diets. Transcriptome profiling was performed in normal intestine from mice with low or high tumor susceptibility. We identified 12 upregulated and 51 downregulated genes in tumor-prone mice. Affected pathways included retinoid acid synthesis, lipid and glucose metabolism, apoptosis and inflammation. We compared murine candidates from this microarray analysis, and murine candidates from an earlier strain-based comparison, with a set of human genes that we had identified in previous methylome profiling of normal human colonic mucosa, from colorectal cancer patients and controls. From the extensive list of human methylome candidates, our approach uncovered five orthologous genes that had shown changes in murine expression profiles (PDK4, SPRR1A, SPRR2A, NR1H4, and PYCARD). The human orthologs were assayed by bisulfite-pyrosequencing for methylation at 14 CpGs. All CpGs exhibited significant methylation differences in normal mucosa between colorectal cancer patients and controls; expression differences for these genes were also observed. PYCARD and NR1H4 methylation differences showed promise as markers for presence of polyps in controls. We conclude that common pathways are disturbed in preneoplastic intestine in our animal model and morphologically normal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer, and present an initial version of a DNA methylation-based signature for human preneoplastic colon. Cancer Prev Res; 6(11);

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes with Aberrant Expression in Murine Preneoplastic Intestine Show Epigenetic and Expression Changes in Normal Mucosa of Colon Cancer Patients

Leclerc

Lévesque

Cao

et al. 2013

Cancer Prevention Research

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“…Overall, IGF-1 has been linked with cell survival (anti-apoptosis) in addition to tumor cell growth (Yu and Rohan, 2000;Godsland, 2010). This occurs primarily through activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK/p38 pathways (Sung et al, 2011). D'Esposito et al (2012) reported IGF-1's release from adipocytes can be regulated by the presence of glucose and fatty acids such as palmitate or oleate (D'Esposito et al, 2012).…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics behind Breast Cancer Prevention - Focus on Obesity, Exercise and Dietary Fat

Alegre¹,

Knowles²,

Robison³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Cancer prevention is rapidly emerging as a major strategy to reduce cancer mortality. In the field of breast cancer, significant strides have recently been made in the understanding of underlying preventive mechanisms. Currently, three major strategies have been linked to an increase in breast cancer risk: obesity, lack of physical exercise, and high levels of saturated dietary fat. As a result, prevention strategies for breast cancer are usually centered on these lifestyle factors. Unfortunately, there remains controversy regarding epidemiological studies that seek to determine the benefit of these lifestyle changes. We have identified crucial mechanisms that may help clarify these conflicting studies. For example, recent reports with olive oil have demonstrated that it may influence crucial transcription factors and reduce breast tumor aggressiveness by targeting HER2. Similarly, physical exercise reduces sex hormone levels, which may help protect against breast cancer. Obesity promotes tumor cell growth and cell survival through upregulation of leptin and insulin-like growth factors. This review seeks to discuss these underlying mechanisms, and more behind the three major prevention strategies, as a means of understanding how breast cancer can be prevented.

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“…Misawa et al (2012b) speculated that Aloe-sterols in bioactive molecules containing Aloe vera were the main active ingredients with anti-obesity effects in a high-fat diet-induced obesity rat model. Recent epidemiological studies have also reported that obesity may be a major risk factor in many cancers, especially cancers of the colon and breast (Sung et al, 2011). Lophenol and cycloartanol, two kinds of Aloe-sterols, reduced visceral fat accumulation and improved hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in ZDF rats fed a high-fat diet (Misawa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Aloe Vera Gel Powder and Extract Inhibit Azoxymethane-induced Colorectal Aberrant Crypt Foci in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet

Chihara

Shimpo

Kaneko

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Aloe vera gel exhibits protective effects against insulin resistance as well as lipid-lowering and anti-diabetic effects. The anti-diabetic compounds in this gel were identified as Aloe-sterols. Aloe vera gel extract (AVGE) containing Aloe-sterols has recently been produced using a new procedure. We previously reported that AVGE reduced large-sized intestinal polyps in Apc-deficient Min mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), suggesting that Aloe vera gel may protect against colorectal cancer. In the present study, we examined the effects of Aloe vera gel powder (AVGP) and AVGE on azoxymethane-induced colorectal preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mice fed a HFD. Male C57BL/6J mice were given a normal diet (ND), HFD, HFD containing 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose solution, which was used as a solvent for AVGE (HFDC), HFD containing 3% or 1% AVGP, and HFDC containing 0.0125% (H-) or 0.00375% (L-) AVGE. The number of ACF was significantly lower in mice given 3% AVGP and H-AVGE than in those given HFD or HFDC alone. Moreover, 3% AVGP, H-AVGE and L-AVGE significantly decreased the mean Ki-67 labeling index, assessed as a measure of cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa. In addition, hepatic phase II enzyme glutathione S-transferase mRNA levels were higher in the H-AVGE group than in the HFDC group. These results suggest that both AVGP and AVGE may have chemopreventive effects on colorectal carcinogenesis under the HFD condition. Furthermore, the concentration of Aloe-sterols was similar between 3% AVGP and H-AVGE, suggesting that Aloe-sterols were the main active ingredients in this experiment.

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Obesity‐induced metabolic stresses in breast and colon cancer

Cited by 65 publications

References 62 publications

Genes with Aberrant Expression in Murine Preneoplastic Intestine Show Epigenetic and Expression Changes in Normal Mucosa of Colon Cancer Patients

Genes with Aberrant Expression in Murine Preneoplastic Intestine Show Epigenetic and Expression Changes in Normal Mucosa of Colon Cancer Patients

Mechanics behind Breast Cancer Prevention - Focus on Obesity, Exercise and Dietary Fat

Dietary Aloe Vera Gel Powder and Extract Inhibit Azoxymethane-induced Colorectal Aberrant Crypt Foci in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet

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