Obesity in Middle East

Nikoloski, Zlatko; Williams, Gemma

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11251-0_6

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Countries in the MENA region have some of the highest rates of diabetes and obesity in the world [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In recent decades, urbanization and advances in technology and transportation have led to increased sedentary lifestyles in the region [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and Facilitators Associated with Physical Activity in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Overview

Chaabane

Chaabna

Doraiswamy

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Increasing physical inactivity levels in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is a public health concern. We aimed to synthesize barriers and facilitators to physical activity and make appropriate recommendations to address physical inactivity. We conducted an overview of systematic reviews on physical activity barriers and facilitators in 20 MENA countries by systematically searching MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar for systematic reviews published between 2008 and 2020. Our overview included four systematic reviews and 119 primary studies with data from 17 MENA countries. Lack of suitable sports facilities, time, social support and motivation, gender and cultural norms, harsh weather, and hot climate were the most commonly reported barriers to physical activity. Socio-demographic factors negatively associated with physical activity participation include advanced age, being female, less educated, and being married. Motivation to gain health benefits, losing/maintaining weight, being male, dietary habits, recreation, and increased Body Mass Index are positively associated with increased levels of physical activity. Interventions promoting physical activity in MENA should target schoolchildren, women and girls, working parents, and the elderly. Country-specific sociocultural and environmental factors influencing physical activity should be considered in the design of interventions. Current and future policies and national interventions must be consistently evaluated for effectiveness and desired outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and Facilitators Associated with Physical Activity in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Overview

Chaabane

Chaabna

Doraiswamy

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…In many countries, these changes have impacted the incidence of major non-communicable diseases including heart diseases, type 2 diabetes, and cancer [ 3 ]. In the eastern Mediterranean region, obesity rates in the adult population have reached high levels, exceeding at times those reported from developed countries such as the USA and Europe [ 4 , 5 ], with roughly one fifth of the adults in the region considered as obese [ 6 ]. Moreover, this increase in obesity rates has occurred in a short timeframe in the Middle East and is continuing to escalate [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Levels and Adiposity among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2018

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There have been increases in the incidence of obesity in Lebanon over the past few decades. Fatty acid intake and metabolism have been postulated to influence obesity, but few epidemiological studies have been conducted. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum fatty acid levels and indicators of obesity in a cross-sectional study nested within a cohort of 501 Lebanese adults residing in Greater Beirut. A total of 395 available serum samples (129 men, 266 women) were profiled for phospholipid fatty acid composition. Spearman correlation coefficients adjusted for relevant confounders and corrected for multiple testing were calculated between serum fatty acids, desaturation indices, and indicators of adiposity (body mass index (BMI) and waist). BMI was significantly positively correlated with saturated fatty acids in men (r = 0.40, p < 0.0001, q < 0.0001) and women (r = 0.33, p < 0.0001, q < 0.0001). BMI was significantly positively correlated with monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid in women (r = 0.15, p = 0.01, q = 0.03). This study suggests that high blood levels of some saturated fatty acids and the monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid, likely derived from both dietary intakes of saturated fatty acids and endogenous lipogenesis, may have been associated with adiposity in the Lebanese population. The causality of these associations needs to be explored in experimental settings.

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“…Furthermore, in prediabetes, fetuin-A is a predictor of adverse glycaemic outcomes 11 and increased fetuin-A pro-inflammatory effects are linked to increased incidence of CVD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherogenesis progression. 12 Oxytocin (OXT) is a neuropeptide produced by the hypothalamus which has a central role especially in energy balance regulation, besides its peripheral role in uterine contraction during labour and milk ejection during lactation. 13 Impressively, OXT and its analogues have multiple therapeutic actions beyond the role of weight control and metabolism regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional correlates of increased IL-18 but reduced fetuin-A and oxytocin with adiposity and blood indices in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes

Kasabri

Shawakri

Akour

et al. 2018

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Background: Oxytocin (OXT), fetuin-A and interleukin-18 (IL-18) are involved in the development and progression of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and prediabetes (pre/T2DM). Aims, participants and methods: This study aimed to compare and correlate the plasma levels of OXT, fetuin-A and IL-18 with clinical parameters, haematological indices and adiposity indices in Jordanian MetS subjects. In a cross-sectional study, 30 normoglycaemic lean study participants (control), 30 MetS study participants, and 29 MetS pre/T2DM study participants were recruited. Results: Median circulating levels of both OXT and fetuin-A were lower in MetS and MetS pre/ T2DM versus control group. OXT (pg/ml; median interquartile range): MetS 1975.4 and MetS pre/T2DM 1403 versus control 4176.6 (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001, respectively). For fetuin-A (ng/ml), MetS (5784) and MetS pre/T2DM (2154) were lower versus control (6756.3) (p = 0.040 and p = 0.007, respectively). Neither biomarker was described as substantially different in MetS versus MetS pre/T2DM (p = 0.071 and p = 0.155, respectively). Conversely, a nonsignificant increase in IL-18 was observed in the MetS and MetS pre/T2DM groups compared to normoglycaemic lean controls (232 and 287.5, p > 0.05 versus 108 for both). In addition, conicity index (C-index), atherogenicity index (TG-HDL-C), waist to hip ratio, mean platelet volume (MPV; fl) and red cell distribution width (RDW-CV%) in both MetS and MetS pre/T2DM were significantly higher (p < 0.001) versus controls. However all above MetS-related indices were not ascribed any statistically marked variation in the MetS group when compared to the MetS pre/T2DM group. Both total study pool of recruits' fetuin-A (Spearman r =-2.66, p = 0.049) as well as MetS pre/T2DM group IL-18 (Spearman r = 0.380, p = 0.046) were inversely correlated with RDW-CV%. OXT in MetS inversely correlated with waist circumference/hip circumference ratio (Spearman r = −0.387, p = 0.038). No other pronounced associations between biomarkers could be detected in any study arm. Conclusion: These findings substantiate the clinical relevance and significance of OXT, fetuin-A and IL-18 as surrogate screening/prognostic tools and therapeutic targets to predict/ prevent metabolic dysregularities and anomalies.

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Obesity in Middle East

Cited by 15 publications

References 73 publications

Barriers and Facilitators Associated with Physical Activity in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Overview

Barriers and Facilitators Associated with Physical Activity in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Overview

Association between Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Levels and Adiposity among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cross-sectional correlates of increased IL-18 but reduced fetuin-A and oxytocin with adiposity and blood indices in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes

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