Obesity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Marker of Less Severe Disease

Flores, Avegail; Burstein, Ezra; Cipher, Daisha J.; Feagins, Linda A.

doi:10.1007/s10620-015-3629-5

Cited by 151 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Whereas the prevalence of malnutrition and underweight has decreased over the past years [30], patients with IBD are more often overweight or obese now, probably as a result of improved therapeutic options and prolonged remission status [31,32]. Our study data confirmed this trend.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…According to the BMI-classification of the World Health Organization (WHO), a BMI less than 18.5 kg/m² was considered as underweight, between 18.5 kg/m² to 25.0 kg/m² as normal weight, between 25.0 kg/ m² to 30.0 kg/m² as overweight (pre-obese) and over 30.0 kg/m² as obese [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Schink¹,

Mirsch²,

Dieterich³

et al. 2017

J Nutr Food Sci

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Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are often affected by nutrient deficiencies. Besides a limited nutrient intake by disease-related side effects and malabsorption, the influence of diets and dietary changes is much discussed. However, data about food patterns are mostly based on subjective declarations. Therefore, this study aimed to achieve a detailed and objective analysis of nutrient intake and individual food habits in IBD, a prerequisite for an appropriate nutritional intervention in risk patients. One hundred IBD patients (n=70 Crohn's disease (CD), n=30 ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 30 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. All participants filled in a disease-related and food frequency questionnaire. Fifteen healthy controls and 71 IBD patients additionally completed a questionnaire for self-imposed food restrictions. Most IBD patients and healthy controls showed a normal body mass index. However, within the IBD group, UC patients were more often overweight than CD patients (p=0.007). Food restrictions were common in all participants, but significantly more IBD patients restricted their consumption of fast food (p=0.037), fruits and vegetables (p=0.019). Especially CD patients with acute relapse consumed less fruits and vegetables (p=0.035). Contrary to subjective assessment, an objective survey of dietary intake revealed a significantly higher sugar intake of IBD patients compared to healthy controls (p<0.001) with an increased ingestion of sugar/confectionery (p=0.041), soft/isotonic drinks (p<0.001) and fruit/vegetable juices (p=0.022). Additionally, IBD patients ingested higher amounts of salt than healthy controls (p=0.005). Both groups showed an insufficient ingestion of folate, vitamin D and pantothenic acid.In conclusion, self-managed food restrictions appear to be common in IBD patients. The huge discrepancy between the subjective view of dietary habits and objective evaluation of nutrient intake indicates that nutrient assessment should be based on objective tools. A repetitive professional nutritional counseling is recommended to prevent and treat nutritional deficiencies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Schink¹,

Mirsch²,

Dieterich³

et al. 2017

J Nutr Food Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, between 15 and 40% of IBD patients are now reported as overweight or obese [3,4]. Nutrition screening of all inpatients is mandatory and routinely carried out in the health services of certain countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multicentre Study of Nutrition Risk Assessment in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Attending Outpatient Clinics

et al. 2018

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Background: Overnutrition and undernutrition can affect patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although all IBD outpatients should be screened for nutrition risk, screening is not routinely performed, potentially leading to reduced identification and treatment. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of nutrition risk in adult IBD outpatients and the proportion of cases who discussed diet and/or nutrition during their routine clinical appointment. Methods: Adults with IBD attending outpatient clinics at 4 hospitals in Greece and in UK were recruited. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected using face-to-face patient interviews and clinical records. Patients were classified as high (i.e., body mass index [BMI] < 18.5 or 18.5–20 kg/m² and weight loss > 5%), moderate (i.e., BMI 20–25 kg/m² and weight loss > 5%) or low risk of undernutrition and high risk of obesity (i.e., BMI 25–30% and weight gain > 5%). The proportion of patients who discussed diet and/or nutrition during their clinical appointment was calculated. Results: In total, 390 IBD patients participated. Sixteen (4%) patients were underweight, 113 (29%) were overweight and 71 (18%) were obese. Twenty-one (5%) patients were at high risk of undernutrition; of these 4 (19%) were under dietetic care. Of those at high risk of undernutrition, 11 (52%) had discussed diet and/or nutrition during their routine clinical appointment. Fifty-six (14%) patients had gained more than 5% weight since their last recorded/reported weight and 19 (5%) were at high risk of obesity. Conclusions: Few patients were identified to be at high risk of undernutrition and less than a fifth of these were under dietetic care. Overnutrition is a growing problem in IBD with almost half of adult patients being overweight or obese. Diet and/or nutrition were not routinely discussed in this group of IBD outpatients.

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“…Several studies reported that despite aforementioned causes leading to malnutrition in IBD, one-third of the patients are obese, the proportion is similar in CD and UC patients [45,46]. Obese IBD patients do not have worst long-term clinical outcome than normal weight patients [47].…”

Section: Nutritional Status Of Ibd Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Orel¹,

Benedik²,

Eržen³

et al. 2018

New Concepts in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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The components of a diet influence intestinal microbiota, epithelial barrier function, immune system, and many other factors that play important role in both development and treatment of inflammation in gastrointestinal tract. We briefly review potential role of specific dietary compounds as a risk or protective factor, but we predominantly concentrate on nutritional status and nutritional intervention in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Besides exclusive enteral nutrition as a potential first-line treatment in active Crohn's disease, other nutritional therapeutic modalities such as partial enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, diets based on carbohydrate modifications, anti-inflammatory diet, and the use of specific dietary compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, known as pharmaconutrition, are presented.

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Obesity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Marker of Less Severe Disease

Cited by 151 publications

References 28 publications

Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

A multicentre Study of Nutrition Risk Assessment in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Attending Outpatient Clinics

Nutritional Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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