Obesity in Europe

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of, and trends in, overweight and obesity in the US population using standardized international de®nitions. DESIGN: Successive cross-sectional nationally representative surveys, including the National Health Examination Survey (NHES I; 1960±62) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES I: 1971±1974; NHANES II: 1976±1980; NHANES III: 1988±94). Body mass index (BMI: kgam 2 ) was calculated from measured weight and height. Overweight and obesity were de®ned as follows: Overweight (BMI ! 25.0); pre-obese (BMI 25.0±29.9), class I obesity (BMI 30.0±34.9), class II obesity (BMI 35.0±39.9), and class III obesity (BMI^40.0). RESULTS: For men and women aged 20±74 y, the age-adjusted prevalence of BMI 25.0±29.9 showed little or no increase over time (NHES I: 30.5%, NHANES I: 32.0%, NHANES II: 31.5% and NHANES III: 32.0%) but the prevalence of obesity (BMI^30.0) showed a large increase between NHANES II and NHANES III (NHES I: 12.8%; NHANES I, 14.1%; NHANES II, 14.5% and NHANES III, 22.5%). Trends were generally similar for all age, gender and race-ethnic groups. The crude prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI ) 25.0) for age^20 y was 59.4% for men, 50.7% for women and 54.9% overall. The prevalence of class III obesity (BMI^40.0) exceeded 10% for non-Hispanic black women aged 40± 59 y. CONCLUSIONS: Between 1976±80 and 1988±94, the prevalence of obesity (BMI^30.0) increased markedly in the US. These ®ndings are in agreement with trends seen elsewhere in the world. Use of standardized de®nitions facilitates international comparisons.

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“…Studies in the past in European countries have often used de®nitions based on the Broca normal weight. 16 In 1985, an NIH Consensus…”

Section: ±11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960–1994

et al. 1997

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“…1,2 Currently, surgery is the most effective treatment to reduce excess body weight in severely obese patients, and the number of bariatric procedures performed each year is increasing tremendously. 3 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most commonly performed bariatric procedures in the United States; technically, the operation includes the creation of a small proximal gastric pouch and a gastrojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Gastric Cancer After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Inoue

Rubino²,

Shimada³

et al. 2007

Arch Surg

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“…1 Bariatric operations have shown an exponential rise both in frequency and diversity during the last few decades paralleling the increasing prevalence of morbid obesity in Western populations. [2][3][4] During this evolutionary process some operations have been abandoned, whereas others have gained wider acceptance. [5][6][7][8] Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) has been recently introduced in the field 9,10 either as the sole bariatric operation for high-risk very obese patients 11 or as the first step followed by Roux-Y gastric bypass or duodenal switch in morbidly obese patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese patients. Technique and short term results

Kiriakopoulos¹,

Varounis²,

Tsakayannis³

et al. 2009

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) as a definitive procedure for morbidly obese patients. DESIGN: This constitutes a prospective study carried out in a tertiary care private hospital and included 15 morbidly obese patients who underwent LSG. The operation was performed through two 12 mm and two 5 mm ports, using the Endo-GIA stapler to create a lesser curve gastric tube over a 36-Fr bougie. RESULTS: Operative time, complication rates, hospital length of stay, Body Mass Index (BMI), % of Excess Weight Loss (EWL) and appetite were evaluated. There were six females and nine males, aged (mean±SD) 40.5±10.5 yrs and preoperative BMI 47.8±7.5 kg/m². The operative time was 147.7±43.2 min. There was one conversion to open surgery and one gastric leak with haemorrhage that led to gastric tube stenosis, ultimately requiring revision surgery. All patients, except these two, were discharged on the 2 nd postoperative day after an upper GI series and the initiation of a clear liquid diet. At the follow-up (7.5±4.4 months post operatively), the % EWL was 35.7±10.1. Eight patients who received regular postoperative dietician counselling at follow-up did better than the others who did not (% EWL 40.4±3.8 vs 30.2± 4.1, respectively). All patients reported significant loss of appetite. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of patients is relatively small, the data of this study indicate that laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is effective in weight reduction, being an acceptable surgical option for morbidly obese patients. A higher number of patients and longer follow-up period will be necessary to evaluate long-term efficacy.

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Obesity in Europe

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960–1994

Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960–1994

Risk of Gastric Cancer After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese patients. Technique and short term results

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