Obesity, Helicobacter pylori Infection and Preeclampsia: A triangle of Danger for pregnant women Running title: Helicobacter pylori Infection and Preeclampsia.

Abstract

Objectives:To determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection among primigravida and its relation to development of preeclampsia (PE). Patients and Methods:This cohort study included 146 primigravida evaluated prior to the 12th week gestational age, women who developed PE were categorized as PE group and a similar number of pregnant women free of hypertensive manifestations as control (No PE) group. All patients were evaluated for age and body mass index (BMI) and underwent Hp diagnosis workup including Urea breath test and Hp stool antigen testing.Results: Twenty-six women developed early and 47 developed late PE and 52 had mild, while 21 had severe PE. Development and severity of PE showed positive significant correlation with BMI. Sixty patients were Hp+; blood pressure measures at time of development of PE were significantly higher in Hp+ than in Hp-patients, irrespective of developing PE. Blood pressure measures and BMI showed positive significant correlation with Hp positivity. Statistical analysis defined high BMI as the significant independent predictor for development of PE. Conclusion:High BMI may underlie the development and severity of PE and is associated with Hp infection.

Magnitude of H. pylori and Its Association with Preeclampsia Among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

“… 15 , 17 , 18 However, the pathogenic relationship between preeclampsia and H. pylori is not well established yet because most of those infected with H. pylori do not complain with symptoms. 8 , 19 In other words, the presence of H. pylori can be asymptomatic. Preeclampsia is a major contributor to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, as it complicates 2–8% of pregnancies.…”

“…Using a previous study conducted sample size was determined based on the following assumptions: confidence interval of 95%, with the ratio of 2:1 (controls to cases), proportion of H. pylori among preeclamptic pregnant mothers was 76% and proportion of H. pylori among non-preeclamptic pregnancies was 57.5%. 19 According to their medical history, the participants were divided into a normal control group, and preeclamptic group. According to the results of an H. pylori stool antigen detection test, each group was divided into an H. pylori positive subgroup and an H. pylori negative group.…”