Obesity diagnosis and mortality risk based on a body shape index (ABSI) and other indices and anthropometric parameters in university students

Abstract

Background. Obesity is a global epidemic and belongs to major risk factors for the most prevalent diseases. Anthropometric measures are simple, inexpensive, non-invasive tools to diagnosis obesity and to assess the risk of morbidity and mortality. The most widely used are body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip (WHR) and waist-to-height ratios, visceral fat area (VFA), body fat (BFP) and a new body shape index (ABSI). Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of the ABSI in obesity diagnosis compared with other anthropometric parameters like WC, WHR, BMI, VFA, and BFP. We also compared the predictability between ABSI and above mentioned common anthropometric indices. Material and methods. The study group was composed of 236 university students. Body height, weight, WC was measured and BMI, WHR, ABSI and ABSI z-score were calculated. The anthropometric measurements were made by using InBody 720 (Biospace Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea). Body composition, especially VFA, BFP, FFM was diagnosed by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. We evaluated the collected data statistically and graphically in Microsoft Office Excel 2010 (Los Angeles, CA, USA). Statistical analyses were performed using the program STATISTICA Cz version 10. Results. The diagnosis of obesity among participants according to anthropometric measures and indices showed considerable differences. We found that obesity was diagnosed according to waist circumference in 31% of participants. According to BMI 20.3% of subjects were overweight and 5.1% obese. With increasing BMI values, the values of WC, WHR and VFA also increased linearly. According to visceral fat area 11.4% of participants were in the risk obese group and by ABSI mortality risk there were 22% of subjects with high risk (4.8% and 28.3% for men and women, respectively) and 19.1% with very high risk (11.1% and 22% for men and women, respectively). VFA and BFP values increased with increasing risk of mortality, and in men also waist circumference values. When evaluating the ABSI in relation to BMI, the U-shaped curve was confirmed and in the case of WC the J-shaped curve. The FFM evaluation showed that the very low ABSI mortality risk group reached the highest values of this parameter and the lowest values showed the average mortality risk group, not only in the study group but also in male and female groups. Conclusions. Our findings suggest the relevance of ABSI to screen at-risk population.

Prevalence of obesity and an interrogation of the correlation between anthropometric indices and blood pressures in urban Lagos, Nigeria

“…The anthropometric indices were measured with the individuals standing in minimal clothing, with no foot-or head-wears. Weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg using a calibrated digital balance while height Normative or cut off values for indicating elevation of each anthropometric index (associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease) as comparators for data from this study (for male/female where available) are as follows: WC (94 cm/80 cm) 21 ; BMI (> 25 kg/m 2 ) 19 ; WHR (0.90/0.85) 21 ; WHtR (0.50) 22 ; ABSI (median 0.0744/0.0786) 23 ; AVI (14.2 ± 7.1) 24 ; BAI (27.1 ± 6.5) 24 ; BRI (3.52 ± 1.13/3.86 ± 1.36) 25 ; CI (1.19 ± 0.17) 24 .…”

Cardiovascular disease risk factors and anthropometry features among seemingly healthy young adults

“…It was reported that MUAC was correlated well to the BMI and could indicate the nutritional status amongst adults. The WC and HC have also been demonstrated to have a good association to the nutritional status and BMI [3,8,16]. A large hip circumference seems to convey strong and independent protection against development of CVD or early mortality in women.…”

“…Males have been reported to have apple shaped body than females, and vice versa. This leads to the proposed protective HC among females from the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and CVD [8,16,21].…”

“…Previous studies have been focused on various age groups and clinical background [4][5][6], however, to the best of our knowledge, data from the seemingly healthy young males and females are still limited. These data are vital for preventive medicine of the cardiovascular diseases to develop in the later life [15][16][17]. Here we investigate the association between MUAC, WC and HC to the levels of TC and UA as these anthropometry features are proposed to be the indirect indicators to detect hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia as the risk factors of CVDs in the seemingly healthy male and female students (17-23 year old).…”

Features of translation of some rarely used anthropometric terms from Ukrainian into English

“…Nowadays, anthropometric researches have confidently taken its place in medicine. So they are useful not only for health assessment, but also are used in many fields: forensic medicine (to estimate the age of the subject) [13], forensic dentistry (it is an interdiscipline of forensic medicine and stomatology) for the identification of individual and age estimation [24], dentistry (anthropometric diagnostic methods of dentognathic anomaly, and there is potential correlation among number of teeth, chewing ability and anthropometric profile) [7,9,29], pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology [17,21,27], as well as for the diagnosis of overweight (important indicators of nutritional status in the children and adults) [11,16,20], for sports control [22] and for the standardization purpose [3,15,23,26,30]. The symptoms of many diseases are expressed in anthropometric changes [12].…”