Obesity, Chronic Disease, and Economic Growth: A Case for “Big Picture” Prevention

Egger, Garry

doi:10.4061/2011/149158

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Economic prosperity is inexorably linked to a globalization of modernity which fuels an ongoing reversal of the social obesity gradient in non-industrialized nations [3,4] . This epidemiological trend is mirrored in the emergence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a major health concern in non-occidental countries, affecting individuals across boundaries for age, sex and ancestral background [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite prognostic models across the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease spectrum: Clinical application in developing countries

Luckhoff

Kruger

Kotze

2015

WJH

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Heterogeneity in clinical presentation, histological severity, prognosis and therapeutic outcomes charac teristic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) necessitates the development of scientifically sound classification schemes to assist clinicians in stratifying patients into meaningful prognostic subgroups. The need for replacement of invasive liver biopsies as the standard method whereby NAFLD is diagnosed, graded and staged with biomarkers of histological severity injury led to the development of composite prognostic models as potentially viable surrogate alternatives. In the present article, we review existing scoring systems used to (1) confirm the presence of undiagnosed hepatosteatosis; (2) distinguish between simple steatosis and NASH; and (3) predict advanced hepatic fibrosis, with particular emphasis on the role of NAFLD as an independent cardiometabolic risk factor. In addition, the incorporation of functional genomic markers and application of emerging imaging technologies are discussed as a means to improve the diagnostic accuracy and predictive performance of promising composite models found to be most appropriate for widespread clinical adoption. Composite prognostic models across the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease spectrum: Clinical application in developing countries have entered the clinical domain as potentially viable alternatives. Lifestylebased intervention remains the cornerstone of treatment in patients with NAFLD. The widespread clinical adoption of composite diagnostic and predictive models could however prove useful in informing clinical and therapeutic decision making with the goal of adding value to patient care across the NAFLD spectrum.Lückhoff HK, Kruger FC, Kotze MJ. Composite prognostic models across the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease spectrum:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite prognostic models across the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease spectrum: Clinical application in developing countries

Luckhoff

Kruger

Kotze

2015

WJH

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“…In this study, we investigate the factors of obesity in PNG. Even though fewer statistics are available in PNG, as well as other developing countries, obesity-related chronic diseases are increasing [26]. Short life expectancy, people describe "sodden death/unknown cause of death in 50 s" is assumed that undiagnosed cardiovascular diseases could be hidden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Factors of Obesity in Papua New Guinea: A Descriptive Study

Pus¹,

Moriyama²,

Uno³

et al. 2016

Health

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Obesity and overweight are complex phenomena due to causes and consequences as these are the predisposing factors for developing lifestyle-related diseases. In the recent times, obesity and chronic diseases are being taken very seriously than ever before. Once upon a time, obesity was considered as a problem only in developed countries, now it is of a serious concern in low-and middle-income countries. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), a few studies have been conducted on obesity-related issues. However, there is not enough data on obesity to clearly understand about the leading contributing factors. Our research group designed this study to assess the influencing factors of obesity and as well as to identify the principal cause. It is a descriptive study, used structured and semi-structured interview and survey questionnaire. This study was conducted in the capital city of PNG, Port Moresby, and recruited 87 adults aged 30 -50 years. According to interview and analysis findings, the contributing factors of obesity are less physical movement, unhealthy diet, lifestyle, cultural value system, low education and social system. Government strategies and initiatives are not strong enough to educate and motivate the community people. This study suggests developing an effective coordination among all stakeholders to ensure quality education and increase awareness to prevent obesity and its complications. The standard health policies and strategies are also recommended at the local, national and international level with strong commitment.

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“…Economic growth, a fundamental macro-economic objective, has been described as a systemic driver of the obesity epidemic [1,9]. The quest for sustained and higher levels of economic growth is underpinned by increased consumption of goods and services; including food, beverages and energy saving devices.…”

Section: Overview Of the Economics Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of Obesity — Learning from the Past to Contribute to a Better Future

Ananthapavan

Sacks

Moodie

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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The discipline of economics plays a varied role in informing the understanding of the problem of obesity and the impact of different interventions aimed at addressing it. This paper discusses the causes of the obesity epidemic from an economics perspective, and outlines various justifications for government intervention in this area. The paper then focuses on the potential contribution of health economics in supporting resource allocation decision making for obesity prevention/treatment. Although economic evaluations of single interventions provide useful information, evaluations undertaken as part of a priority setting exercise provide the greatest scope for influencing decision making. A review of several priority setting examples in obesity prevention/treatment indicates that policy (as compared with program-based) interventions, targeted at prevention (as compared with treatment) and focused “upstream” on the food environment, are likely to be the most cost-effective options for change. However, in order to further support decision makers, several methodological advances are required. These include the incorporation of intervention costs/benefits outside the health sector, the addressing of equity impacts, and the increased engagement of decision makers in the priority setting process.

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Obesity, Chronic Disease, and Economic Growth: A Case for “Big Picture” Prevention

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Composite prognostic models across the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease spectrum: Clinical application in developing countries

Composite prognostic models across the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease spectrum: Clinical application in developing countries

Identifying Factors of Obesity in Papua New Guinea: A Descriptive Study

Economics of Obesity — Learning from the Past to Contribute to a Better Future

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