Obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes: the effects of fatty tissue inflammation

Schuster, Dara

doi:10.2147/dmso.s7354

Cited by 62 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Additionally to previously noted, the rise and fall in values of either BMI measure with age, seen in Figure 2, may be linked to the composite effect of obesity survival. [10,[21][22][23] The simultaneous decline in weight and height, seen in Figure 1, should have a stabilising effect on BMI measures (Eqs. 2), but the declining height props WCHR more (see Figure 2) due to the delayed drop in WC values (see Figure 1), which can be interpreted as a sign of quality of WCHR as obesity measure.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23] Embracing the same principle, a spherical shape is more economical than any other, which may explain thickening of the layer around the waist. At least, if surface minimisation is the goal then the space around waist offers an ideal storage depot.…”

Section: Distribution Of Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34] There is a view that the overweight subjects get involuntarily exercised, provided they live sufficiently busy lives. [21,23] Also, through an exercise the metabolic reserves more genuinely evolve. A NHANES study described the metabolically healthy obese as people consistently engaged in a light-to-moderate physical activity, particularly the "active transportation".…”

Section: Distribution Of Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15,27,35] The visceral fat deposits are regarded "ectopic" and unhealthy, [23,35] although "visceral" has a connotation of abdominal and "ectopic" of other internal locations. The epidemiological evidence so far points clearly in the direction of faster accumulation of visceral than subcutaneous fat in diabetic/prediabetic subjects comparing to the euglycemic controls, by 67% on average.…”

Section: Distribution Of Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is adiposity, not weight as such, that is contributing to a range of cardiometabolic disorders and other diseases. [23,35] Additionally, a larger WCHR may be indicative of visceral deposits of fat thereby also being able to relate to the diabetic phenotype, although this phenotype is only partially explained by the genetic variation. A reprogramming into this phenotype can occur at the time of gestation due to a maternal diabetes, even if it is only transient.…”

Section: Advantage Of Wchrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indexing adult obesity by waist-to-height and weight-to-height ratios

Yatsko

2017

JBEI

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To date a vast evidence exists that the waist circumference to height ratio (WCHR) provides a better measure of obesity comparing to the body mass index (BMI). While weight and height are routinely obtained to calculate BMI, waist circumference, despite easily acquired, is often overlooked because the screening protocols, particularly for diabetes, demand BMI. This creates an obstacle for application of WCHR -a more definite measure than BMI for diagnostic of many linked to obesity metabolic disorders such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension. This article is intended to fill the gap in the literature by providing a conversion from BMI to WCHR for five adult age categories. A strong linearity between the measures is demonstrated and equivalent to BMI WCHR thresholds are provided to identify normality, overweight as well as obesity and other points. The analysis is based on the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Different forms of BMI are also discussed and a strong linearity between them is demonstrated. An obesity index based on simple weight to height ratio to match the standard levels is proposed. The equivalence between the proposed and existing obesity indices is tested on the original data with promising results.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Advantage Of Wchrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indexing adult obesity by waist-to-height and weight-to-height ratios

Yatsko

2017

JBEI

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The neuropeptide substance P/neurokinin‐1 receptor system and diabetes: From mechanism to therapy

et al. 2023

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Diabetes is a significant public health issue known as the world's fastestgrowing disease condition. It is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and subsequent chronic complications leading to organ dysfunction and, ultimately, the failure of target organs. Substance P (SP) is an undecapeptide that belongs to the family of tachykinin (TK) peptides. The SP-mediated activation of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) regulates many pathophysiological processes in the body. There is also a relation between the SP/NK1R system and diabetic processes. Importantly, deregulated expression of SP has been reported in diabetes and diabetes-associated chronic complications. SP can induce both diabetogenic and antidiabetogenic effects and thus affect the pathology of diabetes destructively or protectively. Here, we review the current knowledge of the functional relevance of the SP/NK1R system in diabetes pathogenesis and its exploitation for diabetes therapy. A comprehensive understanding of the role of the SP/NK1R system in diabetes is expected to shed further light on developing new therapeutic possibilities for diabetes and its associated chronic conditions.

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Hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis in KK‐A^y mice is modulated by administration of persimmon peel extract: A DNA microarray study

Izuchi

Ishijima

Okada

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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ScopePreviously, we showed that the intake of a persimmon peel (PP) extract altered hepatic gene expression associated with the insulin signaling pathway and enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptors in nonobese type 2 diabetic Goto‐Kakizaki rats. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of fat‐soluble PP extract on obese type 2 diabetic KK‐Ay mice with insulin resistance.Methods and results KK‐Ay mice were fed a diet mixed with 0.1% of the extract for 8 weeks. The total ketone body levels in the plasma of PP extract‐fed mice were significantly lower than those in the normal diet‐fed mice. Hepatic nonesterified palmitic acid content was higher in the PP extract‐fed mice than in normal diet‐fed mice. The hepatic gene expression profiles of the treated mice indicated upregulation of fatty acid synthesis and downregulation of inflammation‐associated genes, predicting SREBP‐1c and PPARγ activation.ConclusionThese results suggest that the PP extract enhances hepatic fatty acid synthesis via SREBP‐1c and PPARγ, as well as anti‐inflammatory activity in KK‐Ay mice.

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Obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes: the effects of fatty tissue inflammation

Cited by 62 publications

References 72 publications

Indexing adult obesity by waist-to-height and weight-to-height ratios

Indexing adult obesity by waist-to-height and weight-to-height ratios

The neuropeptide substance P/neurokinin‐1 receptor system and diabetes: From mechanism to therapy

Hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis in KK‐A^y mice is modulated by administration of persimmon peel extract: A DNA microarray study

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Obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes: the effects of fatty tissue inflammation

Cited by 62 publications

References 72 publications

Indexing adult obesity by waist-to-height and weight-to-height ratios

Indexing adult obesity by waist-to-height and weight-to-height ratios

The neuropeptide substance P/neurokinin‐1 receptor system and diabetes: From mechanism to therapy

Hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis in KK‐Ay mice is modulated by administration of persimmon peel extract: A DNA microarray study

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Hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis in KK‐A^y mice is modulated by administration of persimmon peel extract: A DNA microarray study